习近平法治思想中司法改革理论的历史渊源

The Historical Origin of the Judicial Reform Theory in Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law

“失刑则刑”“法平如水”“明德慎刑”“息讼止争”等中华传统法律文化构成了习近平法治思想中司法改革理论的历史渊源。具体而言,“失刑则刑”约束司法权滥用,规定司法官吏应依法开展案件受理、事实查明与法律适用,是司法责任制理论的历史渊源;“法平如水”将传统司法公正理念直接体现在我国古代的文字结构、法律格言、司法礼仪和象征符号之中,是司法公正理念的历史渊源;“明德慎刑”侧重发挥道德教化作用,推动“仁”“孝”等道德准则融入法律,是司法惩恶扬善的历史渊源;“息讼止争”力图将社会矛盾化解在萌芽状态,这一宗旨在我国古代司法机构的官衙设计、裁判文书的法律论证中都有所反映,是司法为民理念的历史渊源。

“System of judicial responsibility”,“law should be as fair as water”,“law should promote morality and careful punishment”,“resolving litigation and ending disputes” and other traditional Chinese legal culture have constituted the historical origins of judicial reform theory in the concept of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of law.Specifically,“system of judicial responsibility” restrains the abuse of judicial power,and stipulate that judicial officials should carry out case acceptance,fact finding,and legal application in accordance with the law,which is the historical origin of the judicial accountability theory.“Law should be as fair as water” directly embodies the traditional concept of judicial fairness in ancient Chinese character structure,legal maxims,judicial decorum,and symbolic symbols,serving as the historical origin of the notion of judicial fairness.“law should promote morality and careful punishment” emphasizes the role of moral education and promotes the moral principles such as ‘benevolence' and ‘filial piety' into the law,serving as the historical origin of the idea of judicial punishment for evil and promotion of virtue.“resolving litigation and ending disputes”strives to resolve social conflicts in their infancy,which is reflected in the design of judicial offices and the legal argumentation of judicial documents in ancient China,and is the historical origin of the concept of justice for the people.