中法高中物理教材科学探究活动比较研究

Comparative Study of Scientific Inquiry Activities in Chinese and French High School Physics Textbooks

进入21世纪以来,世界多国启动科学课程改革,科学探究作为核心内容被写入多国课程标准。文章选择中法两国具有一定代表性的中国人教版和法国校园课本出版社版高中物理教材作为研究对象,比较科学探究活动的设计,探讨教材中科学探究的主题设置、呈现形式、预设活动等。基于已有研究并结合对象特点,确定比较维度和指标体系,深度剖析两套教材中的科学探究活动,并从教材对探究活动的内容定位、呈现方式、开展活动的预设三个维度进行比较。研究发现,在探究活动内容上,人教版教材更注重基础知识;在活动呈现上,两套教材均能引导学生思考,培养探究能力;在开展活动的预设上,两套教材均以实验探究为主,但在其他活动分配上各有侧重。希望研究结果能够为教材编写和对科学探究的深入讨论和实践提供借鉴。

Since the beginning of the 21st century,many countries around the world have initiated science curriculum reforms,and scientific inquiry as a core content has been witten into the curriculum standards of many countries.The article selected the representative Chinese People's Education Edition and the French LIS edition high school physics textbooks as the objects of the study,comparing the design of scientific inquiry activities,and discussing the theme setting,presentation form,and pre-designed activities of scientific inquiry in the textbooks.Based on the existing research and taking into account the characteristics of the object,we determined the comparative dimensions and index system to deeply analyze the scientific inquiry activities in the two sets of textbooks and compared the textbooks in terms of the three dimensions of the positioning of the content of the inquiry activities,the way of presenting them,and the preconceived notions of carrying out the activities.The study found that in terms of the content of inquiry activities,the Chinese People's Education Edition textbook emphasizes more on basic knowledge;in termns of the presentation of activities,both sets of textbooks are able to guide students’thinking and cultivate the ability of inquiry;in termns of the presetting of activities,both sets of textbooks focus on experimental inquiry,but each has its own emphasis on the allocation of other activities.The results of this study are expected to provide references for the compilation of textbooks,in-depth discussion,and practice of scientific inquiry.