青铜时代晚期新疆五堡墓地人类颅骨非测量性状研究

A Study on Cranial Non-metric Traits of the Late Bronze Age in Xinjiang Wupu Cemetery

人类颅骨非测量性状指在人类颅骨上一些微小的形态变异。本研究通过观察五堡墓地52具颅骨的61项非测量性状,对非测量性状进行了性别差异、左右侧别差异、性状之间的相关性分析,发现五堡人群的非测量性状没有显著的性别差异、侧别差异,性状之间的相关性较弱。为进一步探索新疆五堡与其他欧亚大陆人群之间的关系,研究收集整理世界范围古代及现代人群的颅骨非测量性状数据,对五堡墓地颅骨数据与世界范围数据进行主成分分析和邻接网络分析,观察到五堡人群靠近古代及现代东亚、东北亚、中亚和北极人群,推测青铜时代晚期新疆五堡人群可能受到较多东亚、东北亚及中亚人群的影响。

Cranial non-metric traits refer to some minor variations in the cranial structure.In the study,61 nonmetric traits of 52 skulls from Wupu cemetery were observed and analyzed to explore sex differences,lateral differences,and the correlation between traits.No significant sex and lateral differences were found in the nonmetric traits of the Wupu population.And the correlations between all traits were weak.To investigate the relationship between Wupu population and other Eurasian populations,the data of cranial non-metric traits covering ancient and modern worldwide populations were collected for principal component analysis and Neighbornet analysis.The result showed that the Wupu population was close to ancient and modern East Asian,Northeast Asian,Central Asian and Arctic populations.It suggested that the Wupu population of late Bronze Age Xinjiang might be influenced by East Asian,Northeast Asian and Central Asian populations.