发展性阅读障碍儿童错误监控的特点:来自眼动的证据

Characteristics of Error Monitoring in Children with Developmental Dyslexia:Evidencefrom Eye Movements

目的:探究发展性阅读障碍儿童错误监控的特点及其加工的眼动过程。方法:采用眼动技术,选取发展性阅读障碍儿童、阅读水平匹配儿童和生理年龄匹配儿童各13名,记录三组被试在反向眼跳任务中的眼动反应与行为表现。结果:(1)发展性阅读障碍儿童在无意识错误中的扫视错误率高于另外两组儿童,眼跳潜伏期和扫视矫正时间短于另外两组儿童。(2)发展性阅读障碍儿童在有意识错误中的眼跳潜伏期、扫视矫正时间和扫视错误率与另外两组儿童没有差异。结论:发展性阅读障碍儿童存在无意识错误监控的缺陷,缺少减慢反应以提高正确率的补偿机制,并且错误监控缺陷可能是导致其阅读障碍的重要原因。

Objective:Exploring the characteristics of error monitoring in children with developmental dyslexia and the oculomotor processes of their processing.Methods:Using the eye-movement technique,13 children with developmental dyslexia,13 children matched for reading level and 13 children matched for physiological age were selected to record the eye-movement responses and behavioral performance of the three groups of subjects in the antisaccade task.Results:(I)Children with developmental dyslexia had a higher rate of sweeping errors in unconscious errors and a shorter saccade latency and saccadic correction time than the other two groups of children.(2)Children with developmental dyslexia did not differ from the other two groups in terms of saccade latency,saccadic correction time,and saccadic error rate in conscious errors.Conclusion:Children with developmental dyslexia have deficits in unconscious error monitoring.Lack of compensatory mechanisms to slow down responses to improve correctness,and error monitoring deficits may be an important cause of their dyslexia.