老年期精神障碍患者谵妄识别及管理策略研究进展

The research advances in recognition and management of delirium in senile mental disorders

谵妄在老年期精神障碍患者中发生率高,并增加死亡风险。然而,老年期精神障碍患者谵妄的发生未被充分认识且被严重低估。本文从老年期精神障碍患者谵妄的影响因素、评估方法及管理策略等方面进行综述,发现个体特征、精神疾病与其他健康问题、心理社会因素及医源性因素等是老年期精神障碍患者谵妄发生的关联因素;老年期精神障碍患者谵妄需与痴呆、抑郁障碍、双相障碍等疾病进行鉴别;早期识别及多因素综合管理策略对于谵妄防治具有积极影响。

Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome that occurs at a high rate in patients with mental disorders and exacerbates the risk of mortality in patients.However,delirium in patients with mental disorders is seriously underrecognized.This review summarizes the influencing factors,assessment methods and management strategies of delirium in senile mental disorders.This review found that individual characteristics,mental illness and other health problems,psychosocial factors and medical factors are associated with the occurrence of delirium in disorders in senile mental disorders.Delirium in patients with mental disorders needs to be differentiated from dementia,depressive disorders and bipolar disorders;early recognition and integrated multifactorial management strategies have a positive impact on delirium management.