合肥市2015―2020年登革热病例流行特征

Epidemiological characteristics and dengue cases in Hefei from 2015 to 2020

目的分析合肥市2015―2020年报告的登革热病例流行特征,为科学有效地防控提供参考依据。方法收集近年合肥市报告的登革热病例个案相关信息,采用描述性分析,分析其流行特征。结果合肥市2015―2020年通过网络报告共调查40例输入和1例本地登革热病例,其中临床诊断3例,确诊38例,无重症和死亡病例,发生本地登革热聚集性疫情1起。41例登革热病例分布在合肥市7个县(区)中的23个乡镇(街道),78.04%病例集中在4―9月,以青壮年男性为主,39例境外输入病例的出国缘由主要为劳务输出,占51.28%;商业服务,占26.83%;旅游,占17.07%。境外和国内医院之间,国内省、市、县级及以下之间的诊断水平差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。发病-就诊、发病-诊断间隔中位数分别为1 d和4 d,85.61%病例数能在发病后0~5 d内被诊断。登革热病毒分型中4种血清型并存。结论合肥市登革热疫情持续时间延长,流行强度增强,输入压力逐年增加,有出现重症和本地流行的风险。各部门间应建立长效合作机制,加强对登革热的监测和宣教,增强市民及时就医意识、医院识别能力和诊疗技术,早发现早隔离早规范治疗,减少重症病例。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever cases reported in Hefei in 2015-2020 years,and to provide a reference for scientific and effective prevention and control.Methods Information on dengue fever cases reported in Hefei in recent years were collected and their epidemiological characteristics were analyzed using descriptive analysis.Results A total of 40 imported dengue cases and 1 local dengue case were investigated through online reports in Hefei from 2015-2020,including 3 clinically diagnosed cases,38 confirmed cases,no severe or fatal cases,and 1 local dengue cluster outbreak.These 41 dengue fever cases were distributed in 23 towns(streets)in 7 districts(counties)in Hefei,78.04%of the cases were concentrated in April to September,with young adult males predominating.The reasons for going abroad in 39 imported cases were mainly labor export(51.28%),commercial services(26.83%)and tourism(17.07%).There were statistically significant differences in diagnostic levels between overseas and domestic hospitals,as well as between domestic provinces,cities,counties and below(all P<0.001).The median interval between onset-visit and onsetdiagnosis was 1 day and 4 days,respectively.Approximately 85.61%of the cases could be diagnosed within 0-5 days after onset,and 4 serotypes coexist.Conclusions The duration of the epidemic in Hefei is lengthening,the epidemic intensity is increasing,and the input pressure is increase year by year.There is a risk of severe disease and local epidemic.It is necessary to establish a long-term inter departmental cooperation mechanism,strengthen monitoring and education,improve the awareness of timely medical treatment,the recognition ability and diagnosis and treatment technology of the hospital,in order to achieve early detection and isolation,early standardized treatment,so as to reduce severe cases.