电影中的跨层悖论:层级缠结与非自然叙事

The Paradox of Metalepsis in Film:Tangled Hierarchy and Unnatural Narrative

电影中的跨层叙述可分自然跨层、类自然跨层、非自然跨层三种。其中非自然跨层是非自然的、超验的,甚至违反逻辑性或时间性—这违背了叙事的惯例与规约,产生了跨层悖论。跨层悖论的生成与接受缘于:创作中引入自我与超现实元素的吸引力、虚构的自由与特权、文艺传统、怀疑与悖论悬置、认知自然化等。作品中的悖论式跨层,提醒我们反思模仿思维、理性思维、逻辑自洽的有限性与适用性,且经由此打开了激发蓬勃想象力的可能世界和非自然世界。

There are three kinds of metalepsis(transgression)narrative in film:natural metalepsis,quasi-natural metalepsis and unnatural metalepsis.The unnatural metalepsis is unnatural,transcendental,and even contrary to logic or temporality,which violates the conventions and rules of narrative,and generates paradox of metalepsis.The reasons for the generation and acceptance of paradox of metalepsis are:the attraction of adding author himself and surreal elements to works,the freedom and privilege of fiction,the literary tradition,the suspension of suspicion and paradox,the naturalization of cognition and so on.These paradoxes of metalepsis in literary and artistic works remind us to reflect on the limitation and applicability of imitation concept,rational concept and logical self-consistency concept,and thus open up possible worlds and unnatural worlds which stimulate vigorous imaginations.