考虑动态过网费的分布式电能交易与配电网运营联合交互

Joint Interaction Between Distributed Power Trading and Distribution Network Operation Considering Dynamic Network Tariffs

随着“双碳”目标下分布式能源装机规模的增长,分布式电能点对点(P2P)交易数量与规模将持续增加,通过建立短期过网费模型与动态调整机制进行分布式交易与配电网的长期交互运营,能够有效促进配电网在新型能源结构下的运营与成本回收方式转变。首先,基于P2P交易对电网产生的额外短期运营成本,建立了包含线路占用成本、电压调整成本和网损成本3个部分的P2P交易过网费模型,针对P2P交易量小分散、高频实时等特点采用连续双向拍卖方式进行交易撮合匹配。然后,进一步设计了考虑线路利用率以及增量成本的动态过网费更新调整模型,同时建立了购售电用户参与P2P交易的报价报量策略调整模型,基于Vensim DSS平台和MATLAB软件进行了长时间尺度的联合交互仿真。算例分析表明,所提动态过网费可以释放出更强的价格信号,刺激P2P交易在利用率较低线路上的潮流分布,同时抑制利用率较高的线路产生较多的净潮流增量,达到“促低抑高”的效果,实现网络资产的有效利用。同时,收取过网费在未来较长一段时间内并不会损害用户参与P2P交易的积极性。因此,可以促进分布式交易与配电网的良性协同发展,实现配电网用户与公共配电网运营商的共赢。

With the growth of the installed scale of distributed energy under the goals of carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality,the number and scale of peer-to-peer(P2P)for distributed power trading will keep increasing.By establishing a shortterm network tariff model and dynamic adjustment mechanism for long-term interactive operation of distributed trading and distribution networks,this paper aims to effectively promote the transformation of the operation and cost recovery methods of distribution networks under the new energy structure.First,based on the additional short-term operation costs of P2P trading on the grid,this paper establishes a P2P trading network tariff model with three parts:line occupation cost,voltage adjustment cost and network loss cost,and adopts continuous two-way auction to match the trading aggregation for P2P trading with small volume,high frequency and real-time characteristics,and then further designs a dynamic network tariff update and adjustment model considering line utilization and incremental cost.At the same time,a quotation and quantity strategy adjustment model for electricity purchasing and selling users participating in P2P trading has been established.Based on the Vensim DSS platform and MATLAB software,a long time-scale joint interaction simulation is conducted.The case analysis shows that the proposed dynamic network tariff can release stronger price signals to stimulate the power flow distribution of P2P trading on the less utilized lines,while discouraging the higher utilized lines from generating more net power flow increments to achieve the effect of“low promotion and high suppression”and realize the effective utilization of network assets.Moreover,network tariff charging will not harm users’enthusiasm to participate in P2P trading for a long period of time in the future.Therefore,it can promote the benign synergistic development of distributed trading and distribution network,and realize the win-win situation of distribution network users and public distribution network operators.