基于时变需求的台风灾害应急物资调度模型研究

Research on Dispatching Model of Emergency Materials for Typhoon Disaster Based on Time-Varying Demand

文章以台风灾害下应急物资调度的动态变化特征为基础,结合不同周期各物资的需求量、储备量及供求关系的动态变化特性,构建以响应急应时间最短、各受灾点由物资未满足量而引起的总损失最小、成本最低为目标,基于时变需求的台风灾害应急物资调度模型。选取目标案例进行实例应用,收集实际历史数据或结合灾情信息估算有关参数,根据模型编写程序,结果表明,该模型对于多个出救点、多个受灾点、动态多阶段、多种物资类型协调调度问题的解决是合理有效的。

Based on the dynamic characteristics of emergency material scheduling under typhoon disasters,combined with the materi⁃al demand,material reserve,the dynamic change characteristics of supply and demand relationship in different cycles,in this paper,a typhoon disaster emergency material dispatch model based on time-varying demand was constructed with the goal of the shortest emergency response time,the lowest total loss caused by the unmet amount of materials at each disaster-stricken point,and the lowest cost.The paper selects target cases for case application,collects actual historical data or estimates rele⁃vant parameters in combination with disaster information,and writes programs according to the model.The results show that the model is reasonable and effective to solve the problems of coordinated dispatch of multiple rescue points,multiple disaster points,dynamic multi-stage,and multiple material types.