现代物流视角下保价条款的效力审查

Review of the Effectiveness of Insurance Clauses from the Perspective of Modern Logistics

现代物流作为电商平台经济的关键一环,发挥着不可替代的作用。为了满足人们不同的物流运输需求,物流服务公司衍生出了很多增值服务项目,其中保价增值服务最为常见。该服务内容通常是处于优势地位的物流企业在与寄件人协商前预先拟定,并长期反复使用的,属于格式条款。对于保价增值服务条款的效力认定应当分别从合同成立规则和合同效力认定规则入手。根据《中华人民共和国民法典》第四百七十条规定的保价条款应当具备当事人合意、标的数量、价款数量等必备条款。此外,保价服务条款还需要满足以下三个条件,物流公司在寄件人签订运单时尽到合理的提示和说明义务;物流公司对于物品毁损、灭失的情况不存在故意或重大过失;该条款应当符合公平原则。

As a key part of e-commerce economy,modern logistics plays an irreplaceable role.In order to meet people's different logistics transportation needs,logistics service companies have derived many value-added service projects,among which insured value-added services are the most common.The service content is usually pre-drafted and repeatedly used by logistics companies in a dominant position before consultating with the sender,and belongs to standard terms.The determination of the effectiveness of insured value-added service clauses should start from the rules of contract establishment and the rules of contract effectiveness determination.According to the provisions of Article 470 of Civil Code of the People's Republic of China,the insurance clause should have the necessary clauses such as the agreement of the parties,the amount of the subject matter,and the amount of the price.In addition,the insured service terms also need to meet the following three conditions,including the logistics company's obligation to provide reasonable reminders and explanations when the sender signs the waybill,the logistics company's absence of intentional or gross negligence in the case of damage or loss of goods,and the provision should comply with the principle of fairness.