改革开放以来中国教育信息化政策育人历程研究——基于政策工具的文本分析

Educational Process of China’s Educational Informatization Policy since the Reform and Opening up:A Textual Analysis Based on Policy Tools

改革开放以来,中国教育信息化得到长足发展,政策体系不断完善,亦成为当前实现中国教育现代化发展的根基与保障。为理清政策视域下中国教育信息化发展之路,基于政策工具、教育领域和培养目标的三维分析框架,对1978—2021年期间38项国家层面的教育信息化政策进行分析。结果显示,改革开放至今的中国教育信息化政策以环境型政策工具使用最为频繁;校内教育一直是主流使用领域,家庭教育政策工具使用较少;领域素养的培养目标被较多提及。据此建议,相关部门需结合教育信息化发展需求,加强需求型政策工具和供给型政策工具的使用;平衡校内外领域的政策工具使用,特别是对家庭教育和校外教育给予一定的政策支持,调动多方力量协同参与;有效调控各教育环境中信息化政策工具的使用,培养目标综合关切学生高阶素养和通用素养。

Since the reform and opening up,China’s educational informatization has been developed to a greater extent and the policy system has been constantly improved,which has also become the foundation and guarantee for the current development of China’s education modernization.In order to clarify the development path of China’s education informatization from the policy perspective,this study constructed a three-dimensional analysis framework based on policy tools,education fields and training objectives,and analyzed 38 national level education informatization policies from 1978 to 2021.The results show that environmental policy tools have been used most frequently in China’s education informatization policy since the reform and opening up;The school education has always been the mainstream field of use,and the use of family education policy tools is less;The training objectives of domain literacy are mentioned more.Accordingly,it is suggested that the relevant departments should strengthen the use of demand-based policy tools and supply-based policy tools in combination with the development demand of education informatization;Balance the use of policy tools in and outside the school,especially give some policy support to family education and after-school education,and mobilize multiple forces to participate in coordination;The training objectives comprehensively concern the students’high-level literacy and general literacy.