公共管理领域中的行政负担研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect of Administrative Burden in the Field of Public Administration

行政负担是公共管理领域中的一个重要研究议题。作为摩擦成本的重要表现形式,行政负担为政民互动关系研究提供了新的分析视角和解释空间。论文运用系统性综述法对行政负担研究主题进行分析,整理归纳了公共管理领域中行政负担的研究现状,梳理了行政负担的概念内涵及其测量工具与研究方法,讨论了行政负担的起源、影响与消解,并在此基础上构建可供扩展和深化的行政负担研究的知识框架。研究发现,行政负担是公民与政府互动过程中经历的一系列障碍或摩擦,行政负担与繁文缛节、泥淖、折磨机制等相关概念密切相关;行政负担的测量可以分为主观感知和客观统计两种方式,经历了由单指标测量到多指标测量的转变;问卷调查、实验研究和案例研究是行政负担实证研究的主要研究方法。行政负担的起源包括国家、组织和公民层面的多重因素,其影响呈现出从关注个体态度到关注行为结果,从关注政治与组织层面到关注个体层面的研究态势。未来行政负担研究应关注以下方面:行政负担概念内涵的深化与测量工具的开发,行政负担的影响与调控机制的推进与发展,行政负担的缘起与消解策略的丰富与拓展,以及立足于中国情境的行政负担研究的本土化探索。

Administrative burden is an essential research topic in public administration.As an important form of friction cost,administrative burden provided a new perspective to analyze the interaction between the state and the citizens or businesses.By reviewing the prior literature,this paper analyzes the research status,sorts out the concepts,measurements,and research methods,as well as examines the origins,effects,and reduction,of administrative burdens.The paper also provides a comprehensive framework that can be extended for administrative burden research.As the research shows,administrative burden is conceptualized as a function of learning costs,psychological costs,and compliance costs that citizens experience in their interactions with government.Administrative burden,ordeal mechanisms,red tape,and sludge are a set of concepts with some close contact.The measurement of administrative burden includes objective measurements and subjective measurements.The index measurement has experienced the transformation of single index to multiple indexes.Questionnaire survey,experiment research,and case study are the dominant methods.Administrative burden results from the factors in aspects such as the state level,organization level,and citizen level,and its impact ranges from focusing on the attitudes to behavioral outcomes,from focusing on the political and organizational levels to individual levels.Future research will be needed to deepen the understanding of administrative burden,develop effective measurement instruments,explore the effects and regulatory mechanisms of administrative burden,enrich the strategies for reducing administrative burdens,and promoting the localized exploration of administrative burdens in China.