咸安区产科医护母乳喂养认知、实施、宣教情况调查分析

The Survey on Attitudes and Implementation and Publicity Toward Breast Feeding of Medical Personnel in Xian'an District

目的以咸宁市咸安区为例,了解基层产科医护人员对母乳喂养相关知识、早接触早吸吮的相关理论的知晓情况、自身执行情况以及具体实施情况,提高产科医护人员母乳喂养理论水平及母乳喂养成功率。方法2021年1—5月通过现场发放调查问卷的形式对咸宁市咸安区医务人员进行“产科医护人员对皮肤早接触的态度及实施情况”问卷调查,对医务人员早接触、早吸吮和母乳喂养的认知情况、对已育医护人员母乳喂养实际实施情况以及工作宣教指导的及时性、力度及宣传范围等进行描述性分析,并根据医院类别和岗位类别进行分组,比较不同类别医院和不同岗位的产科医务人员对早接触早吸吮的了解情况以及实施情况的差异。结果(1)本次调查共收到问卷118份,其中有效问卷115份,有效率为97.5%。(2)参与本次调查的产科医务人员对早接触、早吸吮的知晓率为100%,但认可率为91.3%。在已育产科医护中未行纯母乳喂养的比例达21.6%,纯母乳喂养不足4个月的比例为21.6%,基本坚持6个月以内纯母乳喂养的比例为56.8%。在执行方面,积极指导为极力指导的比例为80%。(3)不同类别医院进行比较,综合医院和妇幼专科医院在早接触、早吸吮是否能促进母乳喂养的认知上,综合医院比妇幼专科医院高,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);进行指导的及时性、对医护人员宣传重要性的评价、宣传力度及宣传范围3个方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而对不同岗位,医生岗和护士岗对以上4个方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论咸安区产科医护人员在母乳喂养的宣教和执行不足。

Objective To understand the attitudes and beliefs of medical personnel toward early exposure and suckling of infants and the implementation of infant early suckling in Xian'an District hospitals,to Improve the theoretical level of breastfeeding and the success rate of breastfeeding for obstetric medical staff.Methods A survey was conducted among medical personnel in Xian'an District medical personnel through on-site investigation during January to May 2021.The basic information of medical personnel,their understanding of early exposure and suckling of infants and the implementation,the timeliness,intensity,and scope of publicity of guidance were described.The differences of understanding and implementation of early exposure and suckling of infants and the implementation between different categories of hospitals and different medical positions were compared.Results(1)A total of 118 questionnaires were received in this survey,among them,115 questionnaires were valid with an effective rate of 97.5%.(2)The awareness rate of early exposure and suckling of infants among Xian'an District medical personnel who participated in this survey was 100%,while the acceptance of 91.3%.21.6%of the fertilized medical personne which was never pure breastfeeding,the proportion of pure breastfeeding for less than 4 months was 21.6%,and the proportion of pure breastfeeding within 6 months was 56.8%.In terms of implementation,the proportion of active guidance for subsequent strong guidance was 80%.After stratified by hospital categories,general hospitals had higher rates of acceptance the early exposure and suckling of infants(P<0.01).There were no significant differences in the timeliness of guidance,the evaluation of the importance of publicity for obstetricians and healthcare workers,the intensity of publicity and the scope of publicity of general hospitals and maternal and child health care hospitals(P>0.05),while there were no significant differences in the above four aspects for different positions,doctor posts and nurse posts(P>0.05).Conclusion The education and implementation of breastfeeding among obstetrical staff in Xian'an district were insufficient.