西北地区城乡高中生静坐时长与健康素养的现状及影响因素探究

Study on the current situation and influencing factors of sedentary time and health literacy of urban and rural high school students in Northwest China

目的:调查分析西北地区城乡高中生健康素养与静坐时长的基本现状与影响因素,为提升高中生的身心健康水平提供参考。方法:采用分层随机整群抽样法,收集10所学校在读高一、高二年级学生的健康素养水平及每天平均静坐时长问卷调查的数据。应用非参数检验,并运行多元线性回归模型分析健康素养水平及静坐时长的影响因素。结果:各地区静坐时长比较:青海>甘肃>宁夏=新疆>陕西(P<0.01);市县区>镇乡村(P<0.01),男生>女生(P<0.01)。不同家庭收入的健康素养总评分比较:家庭年收入2.5万元~4.99万元>5万元~7.99万元>8万元~9.99万元>1万元~2.499万元>10万元以上>1万元以下(P<0.01)。不同学历父亲的健康素养总评分差异比较,P>0.05;不同学历母亲的健康素养总评分比较:大专以下的>大专>硕士研究生及以上>本科(P<0.01);市县区的总评分>镇乡村(P<0.01);女生的总评分>男生(P<0.05)。多元线性回归模型提示,静坐时长与父母亲学历均呈现正相关,父亲学历的影响较大。健康素养问卷总评分与母亲学历呈现负相关,与家庭年收入呈现正相关,母亲学历的影响较大。结论:西北地区镇乡村高中生平均每天静坐时长短于市县区,男生的静坐时长多于女生。父、母亲学历是高中生静坐时长与健康素养水平的主要影响因素。

Objective:To investigate and analyze the basic status and influencing factors of health literacy and sedentary time of urban and rural high school students in Northwest China,and to provide reference for improving the physical and mental health of high school students.Methods:The stratified random cluster sampling method was used to collect the data of health literacy level and daily average sedentary time questionnaire survey of students in senior high school grade one and grade two of 10 schools.Non-parametric test and multiple linear regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of health literacy level and sedentary time.Results:Comparison of sedentary time in different regions:Qinghai>Gansu>Ningxia=Xinjiang>Shaanxi(P<0.01).Comparison of total scores of health literacy among different family incomes:family annual income of 25000-49900 yuan>50000-79900 yuan>80000-99900 yuan>10000-24990 yuan>more than 100000 yuan>less than 10000 yuan(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the total score of health literacy among fathers with different educational backgrounds(P>0.05).Comparison of the total scores of health literacy among mothers with different educational backgrounds:junior college or below>junior college>master's degree or above>bachelor's degree(P<0.01).The total score of health literacy in counties and districts was higher than that in towns and villages(P<0.01).The total score of health literacy of girls was higher than that of boys(P<0.05).The multiple linear regression model suggested that there was a positive correlation between the length of sedentary time and the educational background of parents,and the influence of father's educational background was greater.The total score of the health literacy questionnaire was negatively correlated with the mother's education,and positively correlated with the family's annual income,and the mother's education had a greater impact.Conclusion:The average daily sedentary time of rural high school students in Northwest China is longer than that in cities and counties,and the sedentary time of boys is longer than that of girls.The educational background of father and mother is the main influencing factor of sedentary time and health literacy level of high school students.