呼伦贝尔传统马鞍形态人机工效因素研究

Ergonomic Factors of Traditional Saddle Shape in Hulun Buir

目的针对传统马鞍形态随机性、活态性和多样性等问题,提出并构建传统马鞍形态与人机工效研究模型,探究马鞍形态与人、马匹之间形态界面存在的合理性与宜人性,推动传统马鞍良好的创新与传承。方法通过田野调查与分析比较,选取呼伦贝尔传统马鞍为研究对象,运用形态分析法解析马鞍形态构成,运用人机分析法搭建交叉形态界面,分别从骑乘姿态、骑乘动势、鞍马适配等方面对形态界面展开工效因素研究。结果根据马鞍形态与人机工效因素构建的研究模型是切实可行的,能够解决传统器物与当代设计之间的界面问题。通过设计验证,得到马鞍形态的应用满足对人与马匹的工效学要求。结论构建的传统马鞍形态与人机工效研究模型,对几种骑乘状态下的马鞍形态界面与骑乘者宜人性及舒适性等工效因素进行了系统论证与设计实践。

In view of the problems of randomness,liveliness and diversity of traditional saddle shape,the work aims to propose and construct a research model of the traditional saddle shape and ergonomics to explore the rationality and amenity of the interface between saddle shape and people,and between saddle shape and horse,so as to promote the innovation and inheritance of traditional saddles.The traditional saddle of Hulun Buir was selected as the research object through field investigation,analysis and comparison,the shape composition of the saddle was analyzed by the morphological analysis method,and a cross-shape interface was built by the man-machine analysis method.The ergonomic factors of the shape interface were studied from the aspects of riding posture,riding gesture,saddle-horse adaptation,etc.The research model based on saddle shape and ergonomic factors was practical and able to address the interface problem between traditional artifacts and contemporary design.The application of saddle shape could meet the ergonomic requirements for people and horses through design verification.This constructed traditional saddle shape and ergonomics research model systematically demonstrates the saddle shape interface and rider's amenity,comfortableness and other ergonomic factors in several riding states and verifies the design practice.