大学物理教学实验室设计研究

Research on the design of university physics teaching laboratory

大学物理实验教学是一个多层次和循序渐进的体系,其研究与实践已进入建构主义教学、泛在化学习等新阶段。然而,大学物理教学实验室作为承载实验教学活动的关键空间,其设计方法仍相对滞后,相关研究主要从教学视角出发,缺乏建筑设计视角的可行性策略研究。该文通过梳理大学物理教学实验空间的历史发展演变,分析大学物理教学实验室中仪器的复杂性和教学方法与空间的矛盾性,挖掘传统物理教学实验室所面临的问题,以及现代教学实验中物与人、人与人之间交互行为的新特征。在归纳大学物理教学实验室分类的基础上,从实验仪器和教学场景两方面分别阐述了实验室空间的设计需求,分3个阶段提取大学物理教学实验室的设计策略,为物理教学实验室的业主、使用者、管理者和建筑师之间的沟通提供了有效的转译。

The teaching of physics experiments in universities and colleges is a multi-level and gradual system,and its research and practice have entered new stages such as constructivist teaching and ubiquitous learning.However,as a key space for carrying experimental teaching activities,the design methods of physics teaching laboratories in universities and colleges are relatively lagging behind,and related research is mostly conducted by experimental teachers from a teaching perspective,lacking feasibility strategy research from an architectural design perspective.This paper summarizes the historical development of experimental space in physics teaching,analyzes the complexity of instruments and the contradiction between teaching methods and space in physics teaching laboratories of universities and colleges,explores and analyzes the problems faced by traditional physics teaching laboratories,as well as the new characteristics of interactive behavior between objects and people in modern teaching experiments.On the basis of summarizing the classification of physics teaching laboratories in universities and colleges,this paper elaborates on the design requirements of laboratory space from two aspects:experimental instruments and teaching scenes.The design strategies of physics teaching laboratories are proposed in 3 stages,providing effective translation for communication between owners,users,managers,and architects of physics teaching laboratories.