低苯丙氨酸饮食对苯丙酮尿症患儿微量元素及血清营养指标水平的影响

Effects of low phenylalanine diet on trace elements and serum levels of nutritional indexes in children with phenylketonuria

目的探讨低苯丙氨酸饮食对苯丙酮尿症患儿微量元素及血清营养指标水平的影响。方法选取2006年3月至2022年3月该院收治的40例苯丙酮尿症患儿作为病例组,另选取同期该院各项检查正常的40例儿童作为对照组。病例组在入院后采用低苯丙氨酸饮食治疗,对照组采用正常饮食。比较两组一般资料、喂养行为、体格生长情况、微量元素及血清营养指标水平。结果病例组呕吐、湿疹、喂养困难占比均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);病例组干预后单独给孩子做饭、不与大人同时进餐、抢大人食物占比均明显高于干预前,且病例组干预后均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);病例组干预前后出生身长、出生体质量、6个月后身高、6个月后体质量,以及病例组与对照组出生身长、出生体质量、6个月后身高、6个月后体质量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);病例组干预前钙、铁、锌、铜、镁水平均明显低于干预后,且病例组干预前均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);病例组干预前血红蛋白、清蛋白、球蛋白、总蛋白水平均明显低于干预后,且病例组干预前均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论低苯丙氨酸饮食对苯丙酮尿症患儿微量元素及营养状况均有一定改善作用,可维持患儿正常的体格发育。

Objective To investigate the effects of low phenylalanine diet on trace elements and serum levels of nutritional indexes in children with phenylketonuria.Methods A total of 40 children with phenylketonuria admitted to the hospital from March 2006 to March 2022 were selected as case group,and another 40 children with normal examinations during the same period in the hospital were selected as control group.The case group was treated with a low phenylalanine diet after admission,and the control group was treated with normal diet.The general information,feeding behavior,physical growth,trace elements and serum levels of nutritional indexes were compared between the 2 groups.Results The proportions of vomiting,eczema and feeding difficulties in case group were significantly higher than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,the proportions of cooking for children alone,not eating at the same time with adults,and stealing food from adults in case group were significantly higher than those before the intervention,and case group was significantly higher than control group after the intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in birth length,birth weight,height and weight after 6 months of intervention in case group before and after intervention,and birth length,birth weight,height and weight after 6 months of intervention between case group and control group(P>0.05).The levels of calcium,iron,zinc,copper and magnesium in case group were significantly lower than those after intervention,and those in case group were significantly lower than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of hemoglobin,albumin,globulin and total protein in case group were significantly lower than those after intervention,and those in case group before intervention were significantly lower than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Low phenylalanine diet can improve the trace elements and nutritional status of children with phenylketonuria,and can maintain the normal physical development of children.