天门山国家森林公园山顶台地野生植物资源调查与观赏特性分析

Investigation of Wild Plant Resources and Analysis of Ornamental Characteristics on the Hilltop Platform of Tianmen Mountain National Forest Park

【目的】了解张家界天门山国家森林公园山顶台地观赏植物资源种类及观赏特点。【方法】通过野外实地调查及查阅文献,对该区域观赏植物资源进行系统调查研究。【结果】天门山山顶观赏植物资源共有282种,隶属于78科187属;优势科为蔷薇科(Rosaceae)、忍冬科(Caprifoliaceae)、菊科(Asteraceae)和百合科(Liliaceae),优势属为荚蒾属(Viburnum)、槭属(Acer)、堇菜属(Viola)和珍珠菜属(Lysimachia);以草本植物居多,其次为灌木和乔木,藤本植物较少;地理成分以中国特有种为主,其次为东亚分布种。观赏植物观赏特点以夏季观花植物为主;园林用途以花坛花境类居多。【结论】天门山山顶观赏植物具有多样性和复杂性以及其园林用途的广泛性。

【Objective】To understand the types and characteristics of ornamental plant resources on the hilltop platform of Tianmen Mountain National Forest Park in Zhangjiajie.【Method】We statistically analyzed the ornamental plant resources of this area through field survey and literature review.【Result】The results showed that there were 282 species of ornamental plants in the area,belonging to 78 families and 187 genera.The dominant families of the ornamental plants were Rosaceae,Caprifoliaceae,Asteraceae and Liliaceae.The dominant genera were Viburnum,Acer,Viola and Lysimachia.The majority of ornamental plants were herbs,followed by shrubs and trees,and fewer vines.The geographical components of the species were mainly Chinese endemic species,followed by East Asian distribution.The ornamental characteristics of ornamental plants were mainly ornamental plants in summer.Most garden uses were flower beds and flower borders.【Conclusion】In summary,to a certain extent,it showed the diversity and complexity of ornamental plants on the hilltop platform of Tianmen Mountain and the wide range of its garden uses.