基于主成分分析的仁用杏优系核仁外观品质性状评价

Evaluation of Appearance Quality Traits of Kernel-using Apricot Superior Strains Based on Principal Component Analysis

以‘龙王帽’与扁桃远缘杂交后代中选出的6个仁用杏优系为试材,测定各优系核仁的11个外观品质性状并进行分析评价,以期为仁用杏新品种选育提供参考依据。结果表明:11个性状变异系数为8.61%~35.96%,其中仁形指数变异系数最小,单仁质量变异系数最大;各性状之间密切相关,其中单核质量与核横径的相关系数最大,单仁质量与单核质量相关系数最大,出仁率与仁侧径、单仁质量、核形指数及仁形指数呈极显著相关,与核纵径、核横径、单核质量及仁纵径呈极显著负相关;应用主成分分析,将11个性状转化为3个综合指标,分别表征核、仁的大小、形态和产量,3个主成分累计贡献率为85.66%,再依主成分分析结果对6个优系的11个性状进行综合评分,各优系按分值高低排序依次为YX1>YX6>YX2>YX4>YX5>YX3。

Six kernel-using apricot superior strains of distant hybridization were used as materials,11 appearance quality traits of stone and kernel of them were analyzed and evaluated,in order to provide reference for breeding new varieties.The results showed that the variation coefficient of 11 traits between 8.61%-35.96%,kernel shape index and single kernel weight was the minimum and maximum respectively.There were close correlation among 11 traits,the largest correlation coefficient with the single stone weight was the stone transverse diameter and the largest correlation coefficient with the single kernel weight was the single stone weight.The kernel percent were significantly correlated with the kernel lateral diameter,single kernel weight,stone shape index and kernel shape index,meanwhile negatively correlated with the stone vertical diameter,stone transverse diameter,single stone weight and kernel vertical diameter.By principal component analysis,11 appearance quality traits were transformed into 3 comprehensive indicators to represent the size,shape and yield of stone and kernel respectively.The cumulative contribution rate of 3 principal components was 85.66%.Then,according to the results of principal component analysis,11 appearance quality traits of stone and kernel of 6 superior stains were scored comprehensively,the rank was YX1>YX6>YX2>YX4>YX5>YX3.