果园生草对梨园土壤理化性质和微生物的影响

Effects of Grasses Cultivation on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Microorganism of Pear Orchard

以贵州山区梨园土壤为研究对象,采用果园生草栽培管理方法,研究了鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata)、光叶紫花苕(Vicia villosa)和白三叶(Trifolium repens)3种生草处理对梨园温度、土壤理化性质和土壤细菌多样性的影响,以期为当地果园生草的实施提供参考依据。结果表明:果园生草对果园近地面土层、地表及低层空间的温度具有调节作用,与清耕对照相比,3个生草处理均能提高土壤养分、改善土壤理化性质,改变土壤细菌群落结构,增加细菌群落的丰度和多样性。果园生草能改善梨园小生态环境,且豆科牧草改良效果优于禾本科牧草。

Taking the pear orchard soil in Guizhou mountainous area as the research object,the effects of three grasses growing treatments,Dactylis glomerata,Vicia villosa and Trifolium repens on temperature,soil physical and chemical properties and soil bacterial diversity in the pear orchard were studied by using the orchard grass growing cultivation and management methods,in order to provide reference for the implementation of grass cultivation in local orchards.The results showed that the orchard grass cultivation could regulate the temperature of the topsoil,the ground and the lower space of the orchard.Compared with the control,the three grasses growing treatments improved soil nutrients,soil physical and chemical properties,changed the structure of soil bacterial community,and increased the abundance and diversity of bacterial community.The grass cultivation could improve the small ecological environment of pear orchard,and the improvement effect of leguminous forage was better than the forage grasses.