上古汉语活动与达成情状的识解——以动词“卖”和“买”为例

The Construal of Activity and Accomplishment in Ancient Chinese——Taking the Verbs“mài(卖)”and“mi(买)”as Examples

同一个动词在不同的事件表达中,可能会有不同的情状识解。在情状类型的歧义识解中,有界和无界的区别得到了广泛的关注。以动词“卖”和“买”为例,对上古汉语动词在不同语境中的情状识解予以分析,并对影响情状识解的句法因素进行探讨。研究显示,直接宾语的界限、特定类型的补语、副词以及VP在连动式中的位置,都会对动词情状的识解产生影响。

The same verb may have different aspectual construals in different expressions.There is general consensus that“aspectuality”is a matter of“boundaries”,and“bounded vs.unbounded”is the basic distinction in aspectual construal.Taking the verbs“mài(卖)”and“mi(买)”as examples,this paper discusses the aspectual construal of verbs in Ancient Chinese,and analyses the syntactic factors that affect aspectual construal.The boundary of direct objects,certain kinds of complements and adverbs,and the position of VP in serial verb construction all have an impact on the aspectual construal of verbs.