耕地有机质含量演变规律——以新乡市为例

Evolution Rule of Organic Matter Content in Cultivated Land—Taking Xinxiang City as an Example

通过养分监测、相关性分析,研究1982—2021年河南省新乡市土壤有机质的演变状况,评估新乡市施肥、增产相关措施的有效性,并预测新乡市耕地有机质的发展前景。结果表明,近40年间全市大田土壤有机质平均每年增加0.25 g/kg,至2021年,全市平均耕地有机质含量达到19.77 g/kg,为国家Ⅳ级水平,预计2030年全市土壤有机质含量将突破20.00 g/kg。相关性分析表明,粮食产量与土壤有机质同步增长,但是有机质含量达到14.63 g/kg后增产效能逐渐趋于平衡,再增加有机质浓度,产量甚至降低。分析结果还表明土壤类型的不同及种植作物种类的不同也是导致全市耕地质量存在明显差异的原因。通过对相关数据的分析,充分说明土壤养分监测网监测结果基本能够代表大田土壤养分含量,并能够为评估大田土壤养分含量及耕地质量提供有力的指标。

Through nutrient monitoring and correlation analysis,the evolution status of soil organic matter in Xinxiang City of Henan Province from 1982 to 2021 was studied,the effectiveness of fertilization and yield increase related measures in Xinxiang City was evaluated,and the development prospect of cultivated land organic matter in Xinxiang City was predicted.The results showed that the soil organic matter increased by 0.25 g/kg annually in the past 40 years,and reached 19.77 g/kg in 2021,which was the nationalⅣlevel.It was expected that soil organic matter content would break through 20.00 g/kg in 2030.Correlation analysis showed that grain yield and soil organic matter increased simultaneously,but when organic matter content reached 14.63 g/kg,the yield increased gradually and even decreased with increasing organic matter concentration.The results also showed that the different soil types and crop types were also the reasons for the significant difference in cultivated land quality.Through the analysis of relevant data,this paper fully showed that the results of soil nutrient monitoring network could basically represent the soil nutrient content in the field,and could provide a powerful index for evaluating soil nutrient content and cultivated land quality in field.