宋代监察权被监督制约的制度实践、法理逻辑及当代价值

System Practice, Legal Logic and Contemporary Value of Supervision Power Under Supervision and Restriction in the SongDynasty

为防范、惩治监察官腐败,构建清明的政治秩序,宋代于监察系统内外构建了对监察权进行同异体并存式的严密监督制约机制。宋代监察权被监督制约的法理逻辑在于其自身被赋予了“君主耳目”和“天下公议”的功能定位,是宋代三百余年国家治理“元气”之关键所在。宋代监察权自身被关进制度笼子以及由此所呈现出的权威性、民本性、制衡性等品质,可以用来进行创造性转化与创新性发展,为构建当代监察权被监督制约机制提供有益借鉴。

In order to prevent and punish inspector corruption and build a political integrity of the imperial order,the close supervision and restriction mechanism,which were coessential and allogeneic,coexisted in the supervision system in order to supervise the supervisory power in the period.The legal logic of supervision and restriction was between“the eyes and ears of the monarch”and“the public opinion of the society”.It proves to be the stronghold for the dynasty to govern the country for over three centuries.The supervisory power itself in Song Dynasty was locked into the system cage and the quality of the supervision power such as authority,public nature and balance presented by the supervisory power could be creatively transformed and innovatively developed.