城镇化对城乡居民收入差距的影响研究——以云南省为例

A Study on the Impact of Urbanization on the Income Gap between Urban and Rural Residents in Yunnan Province

2014年以来,中国的城镇化进程进入了一个新的发展阶段,城镇化水平逐年提高,城乡收入差距不断缩小。但是,从长期趋势来看,城乡收入差距呈现出倒“U”形,即先增后减,并且存在波动。因此,城乡收入差距仍然有很大的扩大可能。所以,如何缩小城乡收入差距,特别是在城镇化进程中缩小城乡收入差距的问题需要引起足够的重视。本文以城镇化为主要研究对象,通过构建VAR模型研究城镇化对城乡收入差距的影响。结果显示,城镇化在短期内能缩小城乡收入差距,但长期会扩大城乡收入差距;经济发展总是会增大城乡收入差距,非农业就业能进一步减少城乡收入差距。最后,提出通过城镇化高质量发展,大力推进农村经济和优化产业结构来缩小城乡居民收入差距的方法。

Since 2014,the urbanization process in China has also entered a new phase of development,with the urbanization rate increasing year by year and the income gap between urban and rural areas narrowing.However,in the long-term trend,the urban-rural income gap has an inverted Ushape,widening and narrowing,with fluctuations.Thus,there is still considerable potential for the urban-rural income gap to widen.Therefore,it is necessary to consider how to reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas,especially in urbanizing environments.In this paper,urbanization was the main focus of the research,and the impact of urbanization on rural-urban income inequality was studied using a VAR model.The results showed that,urbanization reduced rural-urban income inequality in the short run,but increased it in the long run.Economic development always increased the urban-rural income gap,and non-agricultural employment further reduced the urban-rural income gap.In conclusion,it was proposed to reduce the urban-rural income gap through qualitative development of urbanization,active development of rural economy,and optimisation of industrial structure.