在认识与评价之间——关于阐释的定位与特性问题

Between Cognition and Evaluation:The Positioning and Characteristics of Interpretation

阐释与认识、评价都是人的主体性精神活动,它们之间存在着明显的差异:认识指向知识,阐释指向意义,评价指向价值,三者各有各的效用范围。对于人的自我意识和理论反思而言,认识属于知识论(认识论)范畴,阐释属于阐释论(阐释学)范畴,评价属于价值论(价值学)范畴,都是重要的研究领域。但三者之中阐释比较特殊。由于阐释所指向的目标是意义,不能离开知识和价值而独立存在,因而阐释也就与认识和评价有着交融互渗的复杂关联。阐释过程始于认识而终于评价,对阐释与认识和评价之间关系的考察有助于对阐释本身的深入理解,从而更准确地确定其在人类精神结构中的位置及其特性。

Interpretation,cognition,and evaluation are all subjective mental activities of humans.They have obvious differences:cognition is directed at knowledge,interpretation is directed at meaning,and evaluation is directed at value.Each has its own range of applicability.In terms of human self-awareness and theoretical reflection,cognition belongs to the category of epistemology,interpretation belongs to the category of hermeneutics,and evaluation belongs to the category of axiology.All three are important research areas.Among the three,interpretation is relatively special.Since the goal of interpretation—meaning—cannot exist independently of knowledge and value,interpretation is therefore inextricably linked to cognition and evaluation.Interpretation begins with cognition and ends with evaluation.The examination of the relationship between interpretation,cognition,and evaluation is helpful for deepening our understanding of interpretation itself,and thus to more accurately determine its position and characteristics in the human mental structure.