巴彦淖尔市乌拉特中旗矿区地下水资源金属污染特征分析

Analysis of Metal Pollution Characteristics of Groundwater Resources in Wulat Middle Banner Mining Area of Bayannur City

随着矿区开采量的增加,矿区地下水资源存在严重的重金属污染问题。针对这一问题,本研究针对矿区地下水资源金属污染特征展开分析,并设计了相应的修复措施。在检测巴彦淖尔市乌拉特中旗一处铀矿的地下水水质后,利用SPSS17.0软件分析检测到的数据。然后利用内梅罗污染指数评价方法,确定水样内不同金属元素的污染情况。经检测可知:水样内存在镭、铅、钋、锰、汞、镉、钴、铬、铜、镍、锡等金属元素,且这些元素的污染指数并未超出安全范围。而水样内的锌、砷元素均达到污染标准,特别是砷元素在丰水期、平水期以及枯水期均存在中度污染现象。针对金属元素的污染特征,将铁屑作为修复材料,向水样中添加铁屑,去除水资源内超标的锌和砷两金属含量。经实验验证可知:添加1.5g铁屑后锌和砷两金属去除率最高均可达到90%以上,而在5mL/min流速下,两金属元素的去除率均可以达到最高。

With the increase of mining amount,there are serious heavy metal pollution problems in groundwater resources of mining area.In view of this problem,this study analyzed the metal pollution characteristics of groundwater resources in the mining areas,and designed corresponding remediation measures.After testing the groundwater quality of a uranium mine in Wulat Middle Banner,Bayannur City,SPSS17.O software was used to analyze the detected data.Then the Nemerow pollution index evaluation method was used to determine the pollution of different metal elements in water samples.The test showed that there were radium,lead,polonium,manganese,mercury,cadmium,cobalt,chromium,copper,nickel,tin and other metal elements in the water sample,and the pollution index of these elements is not beyond the safe range.However,the zinc and arsenic elements in the water samples all reached the pollution standards,especially the moderate pollution of arsenic in the wet season,normal season and dry season.According to the pollution characteristics of metal elements,iron filings were used as remediation materials,and iron filings were added to water samples to remove excessive zinc and arsenic content in water resources.The experimental verification showed that the maximum metal removal rate of zinc and arsenic can reach above 90%after adding 1.5g iron filings,and the removal rates of both metal elements can reach the highest at the flow rate of 5mL/min.