互联网被遗忘权移植的必要性与可行性思考

The Necessity and Feasibility of Transplanting the Right to be Forgotten

“被遗忘权”起源于欧洲,是指数据主体所拥有的要求数据控制者删除有关自身不充分、不相关或过时不再相关的数字信息的权利。该权利的设立初衷意在保护人的人格尊严,对抗互联网永久数字记忆给人带来的负面影响。移植被遗忘权在现今我国的互联网环境下存在缺乏必要性和可行性的双重困境。该权利也与现有的许多权利交叉重复,在运行当中会带来一定的负面影响。从功利主义的角度,该权利设立后的为此所付出的成本将大于收益。此外被遗忘权的法定化将可能带来“权利泛化”的问题,最终将异化为小部分群体的“特权”,损害公共利益。

The“right to be forgotten”originated from Europe and refers to the right of the data subject to require the data controller to delete digital information that is insufficient,irrelevant or outdated and no longer relevant.The original purpose of this right is to protect people’s personal dignity and counter the negative impact of the permanent digital memory of the Internet.However,the author does not think it is necessary to take it as a separate right,and to transplant the right to be forgotten has the dual dilemma of necessity and feasibility in the current Internet environment of China.This right also intersects with many existing rights,which will bring some negative impact in the operation.From the utilitarian point of view,the cost of the establishment of the right will be greater than the benefit.In addition,the legaliza⁃tion of the right to be forgotten may bring about the problem of“generalization of rights”,which will even⁃tually be alienated into the“privilege”of a small number of groups and damage the public interest.