“新时代”背景下医学人文素养贯穿医学生全过程培育现状的调查研究

Current situation of medical humanistic quality cultivation throughout the whole-process education of medical students under the background of"New Era"

目的以“新医科”为背景构建以“育人为驱动力—立德树人为核心”的全过程育人路径,为医学院校人文素质教育改革与创新发展,提供决策依据。方法以齐齐哈尔医学院五年制临床医学(大一至大五)学生为研究对象,利用文献分析等方法构建临床医学生人文素质评价模型和调查问卷。通过问卷星平台对临床医学本科生采取随机抽样进行调研和数据收集工作。采用SPSS 26.0软件进行卡方检验,探讨构建全过程育人的路径。结果实证调研对医学生人文素养培育情况的医学生人文态度评分均值为(3.47±0.75)分。从性别上来看,男生人文认知、态度、行为评分为2.81分、3.68分和3.22分,全部高于女生的2.52分、3.22分和2.95分,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从大一到大五年级数据显示:人文认知、态度、行为评分均呈现出年级升高而递增的趋势,运用“知信行(Knowledge,Attitude/Belief,Practice,KAP)”模型发现医学生对人文素养认知率较为理想,不同年级医学生知晓率不同,并利用交叉分析去研究学校对医学生开展的思想品德和政治素养教育效果与多选题的交叉关系,呈现出显著性。结论临床医学生人文素质有待提高,培育医学人文素养需贯穿大一至大五的全过程,从而提高职业能力的综合培养,促进医学生的全面发展。

Objective Under the background of"new medical science",to construct a whole-process education path with"education as the driving force-moral cultivation as the core",and to provide a decision-making basis for the reform,innovation,and development of humanistic quality education in medical colleges.Methods Five-year clinical medical students(freshman to fifth graders)from Qiqihar Medical University were selected as the research objects.The evaluation model and questionnaire of humanistic quality of clinical medical students were constructed by literature analysis.The Questionnaire Star platform was used to investigate and collect data by random sampling of clinical medical undergraduates,and the data results were analyzed by SPSS 26.0 to explore the path of building the whole-process education.Results The empirical research on the cultivation of humanistic quality of medical students showed that the average humanistic attitude score of medical students was(3.47±0.75)points.From the perspective of gender,the scores of humanistic cognition,attitude,and behavior of male students were 2.81,3.68,and 3.22 points,respectively,which were all significantly higher than those of female students(2.52,3.22,and 2.95 points,respectively)(P<0.05).The data from freshmen to the fifth graders showed that humanistic cognition,attitude,and behavior scores all presented an increasing trend with the grade.Using the"Knowledge,Attitude/Belief,Practice"model,it was found that the cognitive rate of humanistic quality of medical students was relatively ideal,and the awareness rate of medical students in different grades was different.The cross analysis showed that the effect of ideological morality and political literacy education on medical students in medical colleges had a significant cross-relationship with multiple choice questions.Conclusion The humanistic quality of clinical medical students needs to be improved,and the cultivation of medical humanistic quality should run through the whole process from the first year to the fifth year,so as to improve the comprehensive training of professional ability and promote the all-round development of medical students.