敦煌出土吐蕃历史文献P.T.1288“扎之夏热”地名考——以《世界境域志》吐蕃史料为中心

Research on the Name“Sprags Skyi Shara”in Tibetan Historical Records P.T.1288 Unearthed in Dunhuang:Taking the Tibetan Records in Hudud al-alam as the Center

“扎之夏热”(sprags kyi shara)这一地名出自敦煌本吐蕃历史文书P.T.1288,是与吐蕃赞普芒松芒赞和杜松芒波支时期的历史事件有关的重要历史地名,在P.T.1288“大事纪年”中共出现了5次,分别是公元659年、668年、676年、680年和683年。该文以前贤之研究为基础,结合实地调研所得材料、《世界境域志》以及各种藏文历史文献等,以目前西藏中部实际地名为准,提出了“扎之夏热”位于今拉萨北部林周境内(古时称“彭波”或“彭域”)的学术观点。同时,对《世界境域志》有关吐蕃史料进行了分析,认为其所载内容反映了9世纪中叶吐蕃末代赞普达摩被弑后,二王子继位及斗争等历史事件,以期为进一步推动吐蕃史、唐代民族关系史研究提供资料。

“Sprags Skyi Shara”,which appeared firstly in the historical document of Dunhuang Tibetan Manuscript P.T.1288,is an important historical place and it is related to the historical events of the Tsenpo Dynasty during the periods of the Tsenpo Mangsong MangTsen(650—676)and the Dunsong Mangpo Je(676-704).It was mentioned five times in the great historical text of Tenpo which were in P.T.1288:659,668,676,680 and 683.Based on the research of former experts and combined with the materials obtained from the field investigation,the Hudud al-alam and various historical documents in Tibetan,this paper puts forward the academic opinion that Sprags Skyi Shara was located in the Lhundrub region in the north of Lhasa(it was known as Peng Bo or Peng Yul in ancient times).At the same time,this paper also analyzes the historical materials related to the Tsenpo in the Hudud al-alam,and believes that the contents in the annals reflect the historical events such as the succession of the two princes and the struggle after the death of the last Tsenpo dynasty O Dumtsen in the middle of the 9th century,hoping to further provide historical documents for promoting the academic research on the history of ancient Tsenpo and the history of ethnic relations.