船舶横摇状态下行人疏散速度分析

Numerical analysis of personnel evacuation speed under ship rolling condition

为研究船舶横摇对行人疏散速度的影响,通过计算行人在横摇运动空间中不同维度的受力,依据实时更新的横摇角度和角速度,建立一种考虑船舶横摇运动的三维动态社会力模型。以横摇幅度和横摇周期为变量,设置多场景的仿真实验,计算行人平均运动速度和疏散时间,分析不同横摇状态下的行人运动规律。仿真结果表明:相较静态倾斜,船舶横摇进一步导致行人移动速度衰减及疏散进程延缓,随着横摇幅度增大,行人速度不断降低,横摇幅度超过15°后,疏散时间迅速增加;增大船舶横摇周期对疏散过程有一定的积极影响,可以有效提升人员行走速度,减少疏散时间,但其影响程度仍与横摇幅度有关;在相同横摇幅度情况下,当横摇周期达到10 s及以上时,疏散效率可以显著提高。研究结果可为设计人员提升船舶安全性和管理者制定人员疏散决策提供理论依据和技术支撑。

In order to study the influence of ship rolling motion on pedestrian evacuation speed,a three-dimensional dynamic social force model considering ship rolling motion was established.This model can be used to calculate the forces of pedestrian in different dimensions according to the rolling angle and angular velocity at each time step.Rolling amplitude and period were taken as variables,the average moving speed and evacuation time were calculated in multiple scenarios,and the pedestrian movement rules under different rolling conditions were analyzed.The results show that rolling motion caused further deceleration of pedestrian movement and delayed the evacuation process compared with heeling ship.The pedestrian speed decreased continuously with the increase of rolling amplitude.When the rolling amplitude exceeded 15°,the evacuation time increased rapidly.The increase of rolling period had a certain positive influence on the evacuation process,which can effectively improve the walking speed and shorten the evacuation time,but the influence range was still related to the rolling amplitude.Under the same roll amplitude,when the rolling period reaches 10 s,the evacuation efficiency can be significantly improved.The conclusion can provide theoretical basis and technical support for designers to improve ship safety and managers to make evacuation decisions.