市场化背景下的影子教育研究——以香港地区为中心的考察

Research on Shadow Education in the Context of Marketization:A Study Centered on Hong Kong region

香港地区影子教育经历了萌芽期、快速发展期、极速扩张期、自由发展期和协同共生期五个发展阶段,具有起步早、规模大、学生参与度高的特征。考试文化的功能异化、阶层跃迁的内在驱动、正规学校教育的信任流失、学位课程的匮乏短缺和广告宣传的推波助澜,是香港地区影子教育产生与发展的重要动因。未来,香港地区影子教育研究在学理层面要理性看待影子教育与学校教育之间的关系,在政府层面要协调好政策法规与市场监管之间的关系,在研究层面要处理好研究数量与研究质量之间的关系。

In Hong Kong region,shadow education has gone through five stages of development:the stage of germination,rapid growth,rapid expansion,free development,and symbiotic coexistence.It is characterized by early emergence,large scale,and high student participation.The significant factors contributing to the emergence and development of shadow education in the region include the functional transformation of the examination culture,the intrinsic drive for social mobility,a loss of trust in formal school education,a shortage of degree courses,and advertising promotion.In the future,research on shadow education in Hong Kong region should adopt a rational perspective at the theoretical level to understand the relationship between shadow education and formal school education.At the government level,efforts should be made to strike a balance between policy regulations and market supervision.At the research level,attention should be given to maintaining a balance between research quantity and research quality.