分枝杆菌膜蛋白相关抗结核药物靶标的研究进展

Research progress of mycobacterial membrane protein-related anti-tuberculosis drug targets

结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起的慢性传染病。当前结核病耐药等问题愈加严重,基于新靶点的抗结核新药研发也变得尤为重要。分枝杆菌膜蛋白是镶嵌于细胞膜磷脂双层或与脂双层结合的一类蛋白,参与细胞结构合成、物质跨膜转运、催化等重要的生物学功能,并在宿主感染中参与免疫识别、免疫逃逸、毒力因子释放等致病机制。另一方面,膜蛋白具有特定的拓扑结构和细胞定位,药物靶标可及性强,因此膜蛋白是抗结核药物作用的理想靶标。本文就分枝杆菌膜蛋白在细胞壁合成、物质跨膜转运、细菌休眠、细菌与宿主互作及分泌系统相关研究进展进行综述,旨在为抗结核药物研发提供新思路。

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.It is of great significance in the development of anti-tuberculosis drugs based on new targets.Mycobacterial membrane proteins,which embed in or bound to the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes,participate in important physiological functions such as cell synthesis,molecular trans-membrane transport and catalysis,as well as pathogenic mechanisms such as immune recognition,immune escape and virulence factors release in host infections.In addition,membrane proteins have better drug accessibility due to the specific topological structures and cellular localization.Therefore,mycobacterial membrane proteins are ideal potential targets of anti-tuberculosis drugs.In this review,we will summarize the research progresses of mycobacterial membrane proteins in cell wall synthesis,molecular trans-membrane transport,bacterial dormancy,bacteria-host interaction and secretion system.This review will provide new ideas for the development of anti-tuberculosis drugs.