基于GEEFDEA模型的我国农业生态效率测度及其影响因素分析

Measurement of Agricultural Ecological Eficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China Based on GEEFDEA Model

资源消耗、环境恶化已成为阻碍经济社会发展的一个重要问题.为协调农业发展与资源投入、环境影响、经济产出之间的关系.选取我国31个省市(直辖市、自治区)的2016-2020年度面板数据,运用考虑生态非期望产出和期望产出的GEEFDEA模型,构建农业生产-经济效益转化两阶段模型,测度各省(直辖市、自治区)的农业生态效率.其次,构建全国农业生态两阶段矩阵图并测算各省份的能源及CO_(2)排放调整量.以测度的农业生态效率为被解释变量,利用空间计量模型对其影响因素进行分析.结果表明:1)我国农业生态效率整体处于中等水平,农业生产效率良好,经济效益转化效率普遍偏低;2)我国各地区农业生态效率总体表现为东部高于中部,中部高于东北,东北高于西部的情况,区域间差异较大;3)城镇化率、农业财政支出对提高农业生态效率有正向影响,农业机械总动力对提高农业生态效率有负向影响.

Resource consumption and environmental degradation have become important problems hindering economic and social development.To coordinate the relationship between agricultural development and resource input,environmental impact and economic output.Based on the 2016-2020 panel data of 31 provinces and municipalities(municipalities directly under the central government and autonomous regions)in China,the GEEFDEA model considering ecological undesired output and expected output is used to construct a two-stage model of agricultural production-economic benefit transformation,and measure the agricultural ecological eficiency of each province(municipality directly under the central government,autonomous region).Secondly,the two-stage matrix map of national agroecology was constructed and the energy and CO_(2) emission adjustments of each province were measured.Taking the measured agroecological efficiency as the explanatory variable,the influencing factors were analyzed by spatial econometric model.The results show that:1)China's agricultural ecological efficiency is at a medium level overall,agricultural production efficiency is good,and the economic benefit conversion efficiency is generally low.2)The overall performance of agricultural ecological efficiency in various regions in China was that the east was higher than the central part,the central part was higher than the northeast,and the northeast was higher than the west,and the regional differences were large.3)Urbanization rate and agricultural financial expenditure have a positive impact on improving agricultural ecological eficiency,and the total power of agricultural machinery has a negative impact on improving agricultural ecological efficiency.