外泌体在脓毒症诊治中的研究进展

Research progress of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis

脓毒症是指因感染引起的宿主反应失调导致的危及生命的器官功能障碍.脓毒症和脓毒性休克是威胁人类健康的重要医疗卫生问题,病死率极高,其早期诊断和治疗决策仍需完善.外泌体是由多囊泡体与细胞膜融合形成的直径30~150 nm的细胞外囊泡,能够有效转运蛋白质、脂质、RNA、DNA等多种生物活性物质,参与调节炎症反应、免疫反应、感染等多种病理生理过程.近年来,外泌体已经成为诊断及治疗全身炎症疾病的重要方法之一.本文主要围绕脓毒症相关基础及临床研究,着重阐述外泌体在脓毒症诊断和治疗中的研究进展.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by infection that lead to dysregulation of the host response.Sepsis and septic shock with a high mortality threaten human health at present,which are important medical and health problems.Early diagnosis and treatment decision-making for sepsis and septic shock still need to be improved.Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm formed by the fusion of multi-vesicle bodies and cell membranes.Exosomes can effectively transport a variety of bioactive substances such as proteins,lipids,RNA,DNA,and participate in the regulation of inflammatory response,immune response,infection and other pathophysiological processes.In recent years,exosomes have become one of the important methods for the diagnosis and treatment of systemic inflammatory diseases.This article will focus on the basic and clinical research of sepsis,and focus on the research progress of exosomes in the diagnosis and targeted therapy of sepsis.