训练免疫在肾脏疾病中的研究进展

Advance on trained immunity in kidney disease

固有免疫细胞在二次刺激后对相同或不同刺激物表现出增强的免疫应答的过程被称为训练免疫。训练免疫是固有免疫细胞长期适应导致代谢和表观遗传重编程介导的,主要表现为二次刺激时细胞因子显著增多。训练免疫对宿主防御可能具有保护作用,但不适当的训练免疫诱导也可能导致有害影响。在系统性红斑狼疮等自身免疫疾病,慢性肾脏病或透析患者中,训练免疫可能导致疾病进展或持续炎性反应的增强。

Innate immune cells that exhibit enhanced immune responses to the same or different stimuli after secondary stimulation are defined as trained immunity.Trained immunity is mediated by metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming caused by long⁃term adaptation of innate immune cells,mainly manifested as enhanced production of proinflammatory factors during secondary stimulation.Trained immunity may have a protective effect on host defense,but inappropriate induction of training immunity may also have deleterious effects.In autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus,chronic kidney disease or dialysis,trained immunity might lead to disease progression or enhancement of persistent inflammatory responses.