猕猴桃电商包装随机振动响应及果品损伤研究

Random Vibration Response and Damage of Kiwifruit E-commerce Packaging

目的 研究猕猴桃在5种不同电商包装形式内的振动响应和损伤情况,为猕猴桃电商包装提供理论基础和科学指导。方法 以“红阳”猕猴桃为研究对象,对目前市场常见的5种形式的猕猴桃电商包装(EPE衬垫、EPS衬垫、PET带盖托盘、瓦楞隔板和EPE网套)分别进行扫频振动和随机振动试验研究,获得各包装内猕猴桃的共振频率、振动传递率、果品损伤面积、硬度、质量损失率、可溶性固形物含量等参数,分析包装形式对猕猴桃果实振动响应和振后损伤的影响。结果 PET带盖托盘和EPE网套包装下猕猴桃的共振频率较小,在20~30Hz,处于公路运输振动范围内,易发生共振受损。瓦楞隔板包装的猕猴桃共振频率最大,在50~75Hz内,受到的振动能量较低。5种包装下猕猴桃的振动传递率从大到小为EPE网套、EPE衬垫、瓦楞隔板、EPS衬垫、PET带盖托盘,PET带盖托盘包装的振动传递率最低,为1.68,隔振效果最好;EPE网套和EPE衬垫包装的振动传递率较高,为3.16~3.72,隔振效果较差。振后24 h果实硬度下降了13.5%~48.7%、软化率提高了9.0%~40.4%、质量损失率提高了6.7%~100.0%、可溶性固形物含量(SCC)提高了3.2%~15.0%、损伤面积为981~6 931 mm2。结论 5种包装中PET带盖托盘包装对果实的保护效果最佳,瓦楞隔板和EPE网套包装的保护效果较差。

The work aims to study the vibration response and damage of kiwifruit in five different packaging forms,so as to provide theoretical basis and scientific guidance for the e-commerce packaging of kiwifruit."Hongyang"kiwifruit was taken as the research object,and the five forms of kiwifruit e-commerce packaging(EPE liner,EPS liner,PET capped tray,corrugated separator and EPE net)commonly used in the current market were studied by sweep frequency vibration and random vibration tests.The parameters such as resonance frequency,vibration transmission rate,damage area,hard-ness,weight loss rate and soluble solids content(SSC)were obtained,and the effects of packaging form on the vibration re-sponse and post-vibration damage of kiwifruit were analyzed.The results showed that the resonance frequency of kiwifruit in PET capped tray and EPE net was small,which was 20~30 Hz and within the vibration range of road transportation,such packaging was prone to resonance damage.The resonance frequency of kiwifruit packaged in corrugated separator was the largest,and the vibration energy was lower in the range of 50~75 Hz.The vibration transmission rate of kiwifruit under five kinds of packaging was: EPE net > EPE liner > corrugated separator > EPS liner > PET capped tray. The vibration transmission rate of PET capped tray packaging was the lowest, which was 1.68, and the vibration isolation effect was the best. The vibration transmission rate of EPE net and EPE liner packaging was higher, which was 3.16 ~ 3.72, and the vibration isolation effect was poor. Within 24 h after vibration, the fruit hardness decreased by 13.5% ~ 48.7%, softening rate increased by 9.0 ~ 40.4%, weight loss rate increased by 6.7% ~100.0%, SCC increased by 3.2%~15%, and damage area was 981 ~ 6 931 mm2. Among five kinds of packaging, the PET capped tray has the best protection effect on fruit, and corrugated separator and EPE net are poor in protection effect.