锂离子电池仿生树状通道液冷板数值优化

Numerical Optimization of Bionic Tree-like Channel Liquid Cold Plate on Lithium-ion Battery

目的 将锂离子电池在5C放电倍率、环境温度298.15K的工作条件下的最大温度和温差控制在适宜范围内。方法 在锂电池两侧插入带通道的仿生树状液冷板,建立电池模块液冷散热模型。首先验证液冷数值模型的准确性,然后通过正交试验设计研究分支流道角度、入口流速、分支流道宽度和液冷板厚度对冷板散热性能的影响,并通过极差分析对4种影响因素进行重要程度排序,确定最佳的参数组合。结果 经优化后,锂电池的最高温度为302.4 K、温差为3.4 K,满足设计要求,但冷却剂在流动循环过程中存在泄漏风险。结论 提出的树状液冷板满足锂电池热管理性能的要求,优化后电池模块的表面温度在安全范围内,同时电池的温度均匀性显著提高。应选择导热系数高的冷板材料,并注重冷板结构设计,防止冷却剂泄漏。

The work aims to achieve the goal that the maximum temperature and temperature difference of lithium-ion battery are within the suitable temperature range when the discharge rate is 5C and the ambient temperature is 298.15 K.Bionic tree-like liquid cold plates with channels were inserted on both sides of the lithium-ion battery to establish the liquid cold plate heat dissipation model of the battery module.Firstly,the accuracy of the numerical model of liquid cold plate was verified,and then the effect of the angle of branch runner,the inlet velocity,the width of branch runner and the thickness of liquid cold plate on the cooling performance of cold plate was studied by orthogonal experimental design.The importance of the four factors was ranked by range analysis,and the optimal parameter combination was determined.The maximum temperature of the optimized scheme battery was 302.4 K and the temperature difference was 3.4 K,which met the design requirements.However,there was a risk of coolant leakage during the flow cycle.The tree-like liquid cold plate can meet the requirements of battery thermal management performance.The optimized battery module has a safe range of surface temperature,and the battery temperature uniformity is significantly improved.Cold plate materials with high thermal conductivity should be selected,and attention should be paid to the structural design of cold plate to prevent coolant leakage.