改性偶氮二甲酰胺/水复合发泡在硬质聚氨酯发泡中的应用研究

Application of Modified Azodicarbonamide/Water Composite Foam in Rigid Polyurethane Foams

目的 通过偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)热分解反应释放出发泡用气体,用改性偶氮二甲酰胺/水复合发泡制备无卤素硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)。探讨改性偶氮二甲酰胺在聚氨酯发泡中的可行性。方法 通过改变体系中改性偶氮二甲酰胺的用量,探讨改性偶氮二甲酰胺对聚醚发泡体系黏度、聚氨酯泡沫力学性能和导热系数的影响。结果 发泡剂的加入能显著降低聚醚体系的黏度,提高发泡物料的流动性,随着改性AC用量的增加,体系黏度逐渐增加,当改性AC的添加量为0.3 g时,体系黏度最低为2 080 mPa·s。当改性AC用量为0.75 g时,聚氨酯泡沫的表观密度为78.65 kg/m^(3),压缩强度为539.35 kPa,改性AC的加入使得聚氨酯泡沫的导热系数增高,导热系数为0.02351W/mK。结论 改性AC的加入能显著提高硬质聚氨酯泡沫的压缩强度,相比纯水发泡,二者复合发泡性能更优异,可以作为无卤素发泡剂应用于聚氨酯发泡。

The work aims to prepare halogen-free rigid polyurethane foam(RPUF)by compound foaming with mod-ified azodicarbonamide and water through the release of gases for foaming by thermal decomposition reaction of azodi-carbonamide(AC),to explore the feasibility of modified azodicarbonamide in polyurethane foaming.By changing the amount of modified azodicarbonamide in the system,the effects of modified azodicarbonamide on the viscosity,mechan-ical properties and thermal conductivity of the polyether foaming system were investigated.The results showed that the addition of the foaming agent could significantly reduce the viscosity of the polyether system and improve the fluidity of the foamed material,and the viscosity of the system gradually increased with the increase of the amount of modified AC,and the lowest viscosity of the system was 2080 when the amount of modified AC was 0.3 g.When the amount of mod-ified AC was 0.75 g,the apparent density of polyurethane foam was 78.65 kg/m3,the compression strength was 539.35 kPa,and the addition of modified AC increased the thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam,which was 0.02351 W mK-1.The addition of modified AC can obviously improve the compressive strength of rigid polyurethane foam.Com-pared with pure water foaming,the compound foaming performance of the two is superior and can be applied to polyure-thane foaming as a halogen-free foaming agent.