基于苗医“三界学说”探讨六月雪的临床应用

The clinical application of Liuyuexue based on the“Three Realms Theory”of Miao medicine

贵州人杰地灵,苗族人民经过几千年的生活实践总结出了自己独特且有效的苗医药理论,如“毒学说”“五基成物学说”“三界学说”“九架组学说”等,指导和规范着苗族人民的临床治疗,“三界学说”就是其中的一个重要部分,所谓“三界”即指人体的三大功能区域的划分,苗族前人将此三大部分的主要作用和相互关系比喻成自然界中“树”“土”“水”三者的相互关系,并称此为“树界”“土界”“水界”,该学说体现了苗族人民的聪慧,将人体与自然密切相连,更体现了苗医“人天合一”的自然观,与传统中医基础理论中的上、中、下三焦有相互对应的功能基础。其中“水界”主要由“九架组学说”当中的“肾架”和“性架”组成。“黔地无闲草,俯拾皆灵药”,苗药的使用作为苗族人民治疗疾病的主要方式之一,成了他们生活中不可缺少的一部分。苗药六月雪在贵州等地区运用颇多,具有清热利湿、疏风解表、解毒、舒筋活络等功效,在临床上六月雪可运用于月经病血证以及肾系疾病等。笔者认为苗药六月雪与苗医“三界学说”之间存在某种联系,故文章现以六月雪为例探讨其在苗医“三界学说”指导下的临床应用。

Guizhou is a land of outstanding people,and Miao(苗)nationality in Guizhou have developed their own unique and effective Miao medicine theories after thousands of years of life practice,such as the“Poison Theory”,“Five Base Formation Theory”,“Three Realms Theory”,and“Nine Frame Group Theory”,which guide and regulate the clinical treatment of diseases of Miao nationality.The“Three Realms Theory”is an important part of it,and the so-called“Three Realms”refers to the division of the three major functional regions of the human body.The predecessors of Miao nationality compared the main functions and interrelationships of these three major parts to the interrelationships of“trees”,“soil”,and“water”in nature,and referred to them as the“Tree Realm”,“Soil Realm”,and“Water Realm”.This theory reflects the intelligence of Miao nationality,closely connecting the human body with nature,and also reflects the natural view of Miao medicine’s“unity of man and nature”,which is consistent with the upper,middle,and lower Jiao(焦)of traditional Chinese medicine’s basic theories.They have corresponding functional foundations.The“Water Realm”is mainly composed of the“Kidney Frame”and“Gender Frame”in the“Nine Frame Group Theory”.There is no idle grass in the land of Guizhou,and when one looks down,one can find all the miraculous herbs.The use of Miao medicine,as one of the main ways for Miao nationality to treat diseases,has become an indispensable part of their daily lives.Miao medicine“Liuyuexue(Serissa serissoides)”is widely used in Guizhou and other regions,which has the functions of clearing heat and dampness,dispersing wind and relieving external heat,detoxifying,and relaxing muscles and activating collaterals.In clinical practice,“Liuyuexue”can be applied to treat menstrual blood syndrome and kidney diseases.The author believes that there is a certain connection between the Miao medicine“Liuyuexue”and Miao medicine“Three Realms Theory”.Therefore,the article takes“Liuyuexue”as an example to explore its clinical application under the guidance of Miao medicine“Three Realms Theory”.