矿物药治疗抑郁症用药规律初探

Preliminary Exploration of Medication Rules of Mineral Drugs in the Treatment of Depression

目的分析矿物药治疗抑郁症的用药规律,为临床治疗抑郁症提供参考。方法收集首都医科大学附属北京安定医院门诊2020年1月至2022年12月治疗抑郁症的中药饮片处方,归纳处方所用矿物药的名称、功效、性味、归经及其相应使用频次及频率分布情况。结果共纳入中药饮片处方634首,涉及中药211味,其中矿物药14味。所用矿物药以平肝熄风药(647次、54.14%)、清热药(263次、22.01%)、安神药(207次、17.32%)为主,具体功效以平肝潜阳(667次、55.82%),重镇安神(610次、51.05%),定惊清肝明目(457次、38.24%)较多。使用频次排名前4的为珍珠母(433次、36.23%),生石膏(263次、22.01%),生牡蛎(171次、14.31%)和生龙骨(148次、12.38%)。药性以寒性居多(包括大寒、寒、微寒,977次、81.76%);药味以咸味居多(716次、43.77%),归经以肝经(928次、33.15%)、心经(653次、23.33%)、肾经(433次、15.47%)为主。结论临床多以平肝熄风、清热及安神类矿物药治疗抑郁症,具有重镇安神、平肝潜阳、定惊明目功效的咸寒、甘寒药物较常用。

Objective To analyze the medication rules of mineral drugs in the treatment of depression,and to provide a reference for the treatment of depression in clinical practice.Methods The prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)decoction pieces in the treatment of depression in the outpatient department of Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 were collected.The name,efficacy,nature,flavor and returning meridians of mineral drugs used in the prescription were summarized,as well as their corresponding usage frequency/frequency distribution.Results A total of 634 prescriptions of TCM decoction pieces were included,involving 211 TCM,among which 14 were mineral drugs.Most mineral drugs were liver-calming and wind-stopping drugs(647 times,54.14%),antipyretic drugs(263 times,22.01%),tranquilizers(207 times,17.32%),with the main efficacy of calming liver and restraining Yang(667 times,55.82%),mind-tranquilizing(610 times,51.05%),calming shock,clearing liver and improving vision(457 times,38.24%).The usage frequency of Margaritifera Concha was the highest(433 times,36.23%),followed by raw gypsum(263 times,22.01%),raw oysters(171 times,14.31%)and raw ossa draconis(148 times,12.38%).The nature of TCM were mainly cold(including severe cold,cold and mild cold,977 times,81.76%),the flavor was mainly salt(716 times,43.77%),most TCM returned to liver meridian(928 times,33.15%),heart meridian(653 times,23.33%)and kidney meridian(433 times,15.47%).Conclusion The liver-calming and wind-stopping drugs,antipyretic drugs and tranquilizers are commonly used to treat depression.The salt-cold and sweet-cold drugs are commonly used in the clinic,which have the efficacy of mind-tranquilizing,calming liver and restraining Yang,calming shock,clearing liver and improving vision.