高孔隙率金属多孔材料的制备技术与应用

Preparation Technology and Application of High Porosity Metal Porous Materials

高孔隙率金属多孔材料是一种兼具结构和功能材料优点的新型优质金属材料,拥有高孔隙度、高的比表面积、高连通孔隙度、良好的导电导热性等多种优异性能,在生产实践和科技生活中有着广泛的应用。综述了常见的高孔隙率多孔材料的制备方法,并总结了对应方法在制备高孔隙率多孔材料方面的最新研究成果;分析和讨论了部分制备技术的优缺点以及成功制备出高孔隙率多孔材料的关键点和难点;归纳了在制备高孔隙率金属多孔材料时不同制备技术的适用范围和优势;介绍了高孔隙率金属多孔材料在过滤分离、生物医学、电池和催化、吸声降噪、高效热交换等应用领域的研究现状,最后指出制备高孔隙率金属多孔材料现存的问题并对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。

Porous metal material with high porosity is a new type of high quality metal material with advantages of both structure and function,which has many excellent properties such as high porosity,high specific surface area,high connectivity porosity,excellent electrical and thermal conductivity,etc.,and has been widely used in manufacturing practice and scientific life.In this paper,the common preparation methods of porous materials with high porosity was reviewed,and the latest research on corresponding preparation methods of porous materials with high porosity were summarized.The advantages and disadvantages of some preparation techniques were analyzed and discussed,and the key points and difficulties in successfully preparing porous materials with high porosity were discussed.The application scope and advantages of different preparation techniques in the preparation of porous metal materials with high porosity were summarized.The research status of porous metal materials with high porosity in the application fields of filtration separation,biomedicine,battery and catalysis,sound absorption and noise reduction,high efficiency heat exchange and so on,was introduced.Finally,the existing problems in the production and preparation of porous metal materials with high porosity were pointed out and the future development trend was forecast.