创业苗圃资源支持与种子企业模糊前端生态位提升:机会资源一体化的调节作用

Resource Support of Entrepreneurial Nursery and Promotion of Fuzzy Front-end Niche of Seed Enterprises:The Moderating Role of Opportunity Resource Integration

基于“生态位”理论,剖析创业企业生态位提升内在机理,结合种子企业模糊前端预孵化特征,引入机会资源一体化调节变量,探索创业苗圃资源支持与种子企业模糊前端生态位提升关系作用机理。以266个入驻创业苗圃的种子企业为样本进行实证检验,研究发现:①创业苗圃内部资源支持对种子企业模糊前端态维知识生态位提升具有显著正向影响;②创业苗圃内部资源支持对种子企业模糊前端势维技术生态位提升具有倒U型影响,创业苗圃网络资源支持对其具有显著正向影响;③资源搜寻与机会识别均能够增强创业苗圃内部资源支持、网络资源支持对种子企业模糊前端生态位提升的影响作用。研究结论可弥补创业企业生态位相关理论研究空白,对种子企业模糊前端阶段占据优势生态位具有指导意义。

More and more entrepreneurial enterprises solve the problem of resource acquisition with the support of incubator carriers.The promotion of niche is the essence of the growth and evolution of entrepreneurial enterprises.The niche theory emphasizes that the limited environment and resources will inevitably lead to fierce competition among enterprises,thus forming a process of overlapping and separation of enterprise niches.How to build and maintain the dominant niche is one of the important problems for enterprises in growth and evolution.As the front end of the entrepreneurial incubation chain,the entrepreneurial nursery creates opportunities for the development of new products of seed enterprises in the fuzzy front stage by providing pre-incubation services,and at last the seed enterprises will be delivered to the incubator to help the seed enterprises grow rapidly into start-ups.Therefore following the niche theory,this study introduces the theoretical mechanism of niche promotion of entrepreneurial enterprises,and combines the characteristics of fuzzy front-end incubation of seed enterprises to explore the impact of entrepreneurial nursery resource support on the fuzzy front-end niche promotion of seed enterprises.At the same time,the integration of opportunity resources is introduced as a moderating variable to explore the mechanism of the impact of the integration of opportunity resources on the relationship between the resource support of entrepreneurial nursery and the promotion of the fuzzy front-end niche of seed enterprises.In this study,266 seed enterprises settled in the entrepreneurial nursery are taken as samples for empirical analysis.The questionnaire survey is based on the general program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the related fund projects of Shaanxi Province.First,the pre-test questionnaire is designed and distributed on a small scale.Through the analysis of the reliability and validity of the collected data of the pre-test questionnaire,the formal questionnaire is further formed on the basis of literature sorting,item revision,pre-test investigation and questionnaire revision,The questionnaire data are mainly collected online by taking the entrepreneurial nurseries in Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen and Shaanxi Province as the research objects.This study uses SPSS22.0 to conduct empirical analysis of data.The results show that the internal resource support of entrepreneurial nursery has a significant positive impact on the promotion of fuzzy front-end knowledge niche of seed enterprises;the internal resource support of the entrepreneurial nursery has an inverted U-shaped effect on the fuzzy front-end potential dimension and technology niche promotion of the seed enterprises,and the network resource support of the entrepreneurial nursery has a significant positive effect on it;both resource search and opportunity identification can enhance the impact of internal resource support and network resource support on the promotion of fuzzy front-end niche of seed enterprises.The main research contributions of this paper are as follows.First,this study embeds the theory of organizational ecology into the growth incubation research of entrepreneurial enterprises.By matching the first incubation stage in the process of entrepreneurial incubation,that is,the seed enterprise stage,it explores the mechanism of the resource support of entrepreneurial nurseries and the promotion of the fuzzy front-end status of seed enterprises.Secondly,this study takes entrepreneurial nursery as the research object of incubation carrier,analyzes the impact of resource support on the promotion of fuzzy front-end niche of seed enterprises,and enriches the relevant theories of entrepreneurial incubation.Finally,from the new entry point of opportunity resource integration,this study explores the pre-factors of the fuzzy front-end stage niche promotion of seed enterprises.The traditional research mainly focuses on the performance evaluation of entrepreneurial enterprises,which in essence is financial analysis and post evaluation,limited to the local,individual and static relationship of entrepreneurial enterprises.This study analyzes the impact mechanism on the improvement of seed enterprises'knowledge niche and potential technology niche from the two dimensions of internal resource support and network resource support in the entrepreneurial nursery,making up for the shortcomings of the previous research on the performance of entrepreneurial enterprises,and extending the research logic of entrepreneurship theory.