长江中游城市创业水平的空间差异及其影响因素

Spatial Differences of Urban Entrepreneurship Level and Its Influencing Factors in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

近年来长江中游城市的经济增长迅速,已成为国家中部地区崛起战略的重要承载地和发展引擎,创新创业在其中发挥着不可忽视的作用。文章选取长江中游城市作为研究对象,实证评估2013—2021年长江中游城市创业水平及其空间分布情况,同时运用空间滞后模型(SLM)匹配探讨长江中游各地级市创业活跃度的影响因素。结果表明:2013—2021年长江中游城市创业水平均有所上涨,区域间、城市间的空间差异显著,主要以高创业活跃度的环长株潭地区为核心,集聚效应较强,且有向周边地区逐渐扩散的特征。在众多影响因素中,当地的经济发展水平、对外开放程度、人力资本、交通条件、信息水平是造成城市间创业活跃度空间分布差异的重要来源。

In recent years,the rapid economic growth of cities in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River has become an important carrier and development engine of the national strategy for the rise of the central region,in which innovation and entrepreneurship play an important role.This paper empirically evaluates the urban entrepreneurship level and its spatial distribution in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River from 2013 to 2021,and uses the spatial lag model(SLM) to match and explore the influencing factors of urban entrepreneurial activity level.The results show that:1) From 2013 to2021,the urban entrepreneurship level increased in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,it showed significant spatial differences between regions and cities.It had higher entrepreneurship level around the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration taking as the core where had stronger agglomeration effect,which showed the characteristics of gradual diffusion to surrounding areas.2) Among the influencing factors,the local economic development level,openness to the outside world,human capital,transportation conditions,and information level are important sources of spatial distribution of entrepreneurship level between cities.