重庆市小城镇镇区时空格局演变及影响因素

Spatial-temporal Pattern Evolution and Influencing Factors of Small Town Area in Chongqing

我国城镇化发展总体步入快速城镇化后期阶段后,县城及以上级别城市和乡村地区的空间扩张成为研究的热点,但针对小城镇镇区的研究重视有限。文章基于30 m精度下不透水面遥感数据,使用Theil指数、空间回归模型等方法对2000年以来重庆市内小城镇镇区时空演变及影响因素进行定量研究。研究发现:(1)小城镇镇区面积平均规模远小于街道单元,镇区空间拓展与主城都市区、县城基本保持同向变动,同时存在明显的阶段性变动特点;(2)小城镇镇区规模类型持续演化,从“宝塔型”向“橄榄型”小城镇镇区规模结构过渡,但是类型升迁速度较缓慢;(3)个体层面上小城镇镇区以中高水平下的低速增长为主,而且在各板块间小城镇镇区增长差距明显,主城新区成为区域差距持续扩张的主要贡献者;(4)自然环境、区位交通、人口经济及发展基础等对小城镇镇区时空格局演变产生重要影响,而且在不同地形幅度上的影响程度存在差异。

The spatial expansion of cities and rural areas at county level and above has become a hotspot in the research of China's urbanization development,but limited attention has been paid to the study of small town areas.Based on the remote sensing data of impervious surface with 30m precision,this paper quantitatively studies the spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factors of the small town area in Chongqing since 2000.The main conclusions are as follows:1) The average scale of the small town area is much smaller than that of the street units,and the spatial expansion of the town remains basically in the same direction as the main urban area and county seat,while there are obvious phased changes;2) The scale of the small town area continues to evolve,from "pagoda" to "olive" of the small town area,but the speed of type promotion is slow;3) At the individual level,the small town area is dominated by low speed growth under the middle and high level,and the growth gap between the small town area is obvious,and the new area of main city has become the main contributor to the continuous expansion of the regional gap;4) Natural environment,location and traffic,population economy and development foundation have an important impact on the spatial-temporal pattern evolution of the small town area,and the influence degree is different in different terrain range.The study of the small town area can provide useful reference and support for the formulation of new urbanization development policies in Chongqing and the low-mountain and hilly areas in central and western China.