滇西北平坝传统村落景观格局演变及影响因素——以云南省祥云县大仓村为例

Evolution of Traditional Village Landscape Pattern in Northwestern Yunnan's Intermontane Basin and Its Influencing Factors:A Case Study of Dacang Village,Xiangyun County,Yunnan Province

文章选取典型的平坝传统村落——大仓村,较好保留了传统的空间基质,有助于明晰滇西北地区平坝传统村落的景观格局的时空演变规律及驱动机制。文章以大仓村为研究对象,运用景观格局指数分析方法,选取1976、2000和2020年3个时间节点分析其景观格局特征及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)大仓村的景观格局具有“磁性圈网”和“竖向分层”相互融合的结构特征;(2)在景观格局的演变过程中,自然系统的空间限制和人类系统的择址观念等内生因素奠定了景观格局的基本框架,经济发展的驱动、规划建设等外生变量影响了景观格局的演化方向;(3)内外影响因素的相互作用形成了“稳定—变化—新稳定”的循环过程。

With the emergence of urbanization development problems,scholars have payed attention to the protection,utilization and inheritance of traditional villages in intermontane basins.Taking Dacang Village as the research object which is a typical traditional village and has better preservation on the traditional space,this paper clarifies the spatiotemporal evolution and driving mechanism of the landscape pattern of the traditional villages in northwest Yunnan's intermontane basins by the means of the landscape pattern index in 1976,2000 and 2020.The results show that:1) It exhibited a landscape structure integrating "magnetic circle network" and "vertical stratification" in Dacang Village.2) In the process of landscape evolution,both spatial constraints imposed by the natural system and human judgments on site selection have played a fundamental role in shaping the landscape pattern.Exogenous forces such as economic development and construction planning have also influenced and guided the evolution direction of landscape pattern.3)The interaction of internal and external factors has brought about a cyclic process which is stablility-transformationstablility.This paper plays an important role in preserving,utilizing and developing typical traditional villages and also offers a scientific basis for the rural reconstruction in the future.