基于VR的商业综合体火灾中人员疏散逃生心理与行为研究

Research on evacuation and escape psychology and behavior of personnel in commercial complex fire scenarios based on VR technology

随着经济发展,各大城市商业综合体数量不断增加。由于商业综合体建筑面积较大,内部结构复杂,一旦发生火灾,多数人员不熟悉安全出口路径,不利于疏散逃生。为了研究火灾发生时人员的疏散心理与行为,利用Blender和Unity 3D构建大型商业综合体VR火灾场景,结合监测试验对象的心率变化、逃生时间以及是否正确逃生3个维度,利用机器学习对试验数据进行K-means聚类分析。该研究旨在对人员疏散逃生心理与行为进行分类分析,为增强人员的疏散安全意识,完善消防疏散能力安全教育提供一定帮助。

With the economic development,the number of com⁃mercial complexes in major cities is increasing,and shopping and entertainment in commercial complexes are favored by consum⁃ers.Due to the large building area and complex internal structure of the commercial complex,in case of fire,most people are not familiar with the safety exit path,which is not conducive to evacu⁃ation.In order to study the evacuation psychology and behavior of people in the event of a fire,this study used Blender and Unity 3D to construct a VR fire scene of a large commercial complex,combined with the monitoring of subjects′heart rate change,es⁃cape time and the correct escape,carried out K-means clustering analysis on the experimental data by machine learning.The pur⁃pose of this study is to classify and analyze the evacuation psychol⁃ogy and behavior of personnel,and at the same time to enhance the evacuation safety awareness of personnel and improve the safety education of fire evacuation ability.