单一和联排多功能按摩座椅燃烧特性试验研究

Experimental study on combustion characteristics of single and row multifunctional massage seats

利用大型锥形量热仪,开展单一、两个联排多功能按摩座椅燃烧特性试验,对比分析火灾蔓延行为、热释放速率、外场温度及热流分布等燃烧特性参数,得到主要结论如下:单一、两个联排座椅燃烧时,热释放速率均经历了两次快速增长阶段,第一个峰值分别为351、392 kW,第二个峰值分别为572、968 kW,且火灾增长系数在慢速火与中速火范围内。利用叠加原理得到理论热释放速率曲线,在达到热释放速率峰值前其变化趋势与试验数据基本一致,且热释放速率峰值基本符合试验测量值。火羽流温度随高度增大而减小,两个联排座椅试验中火羽流温度衰减较单一座椅试验更为缓慢;外场纵向温度与火源距离的关系符合高斯函数分布,其衰减系数为2.859。外场辐射热流变化趋势与热释放速率变化趋势基本相似,均经历两个峰值;点源辐射模型可用来计算外场辐射热流,但针对多功能按摩座椅火灾的辐射系数应取0.60~0.86。

Experiments of single and two multifunctional massage seats were carried out.The essential parameters of fire spread behaviors,heat release rate,external field temperature and heat flux distribution were analyzed.The main conclusions are as follows:When the single and two seats are burning,the heat release rate experiences two rapid growth stages.The first corresponding peak values are 351,392 kW,and the second are 572,968 kW,the fire growth coefficient belongs to the range of slow and medium fire.Before reaching the peak value of heat release rate,the variation of theoretical heat release rate obtained by superposition principle is basically consistent with the experimental data,and the peak of heat release rate is qualitatively similar to the experimental results.The temperature of the fire plume decreases with height,and the attenuation of the fire plume temperature for two seat is slower than that for single seat.The longitudinal temperature of the external field accords with the Gaussian function distribution with the distance from the fire source,and its attenuation coefficient is 2.859.The variation of radiant heat flux experiences two peak values,which is similar to that of heat release rate.The point source radiation model can be used to calculate the external radiant heat flux,but the radiation coefficient should considered as 0.60~0.86 for the fire of multifunctional massage seat.