基于软木微结构仿生的轻质多孔结构设计与力学仿真分析

Lightweight Porous Structure Design and Mechanical Simulation Analysis Based on Cork Microstructure Bionics

软木是一种具有多孔层状细胞骨架的天然材料,具备质轻、隔热、吸音减震等优点。为了开发一种性能优异的轻质多孔结构,以栓皮栎软木微结构为仿生对象,根据相似性原理,利用Creo软件设计了CK-1和CK-2两种仿生结构,以及对照组CK-3等体积实心结构,并利用ANSYS Workbench软件对三种仿生结构进行静态抗压和三点弯曲非线性有限元仿真分析。结果表明:CK-2结构的抗压强度和比强度较CK-1结构分别提升12.7%和8.8%,抗弯强度和比强度较CK-1结构分别提升13.8%和9.8%,其抗压性能与抗弯性能比CK-1结构更优。同时,CK-2的多孔层状结构较对照组CK-3结构具有更轻的结构重量且材料利用率提升72.6%,因此,CK-2型结构作为家具用轻质多孔结构材料具有更好的性能优势和参考意义。

Cork is a natural material with porous layered cytoskeleton,which has excellent properties such as light weight,heat insulation,sound absorption,and shock absorption.In order to develop a lightweight porous structure with excellent performance,the cork microstructure of Quercus variabilis was used as the bionic object.According to the similarity principle,two bionic structures of CK-1 and CK-2 were designed by Creo software,and the volume solid structure of CK-3 was designed as the control group.ANSYS Workbench software was used to analyze the static compressive and three-point bending nonlinear finite element simulation of three bionic structures.The results showed that the compressive strength and specific strength of CK-2 structure were 12.7%and 8.8%higher than those of CK-1 structure,respectively.The flexural strength and specific strength of CK-2 structure were 13.8%and 9.8%higher than those of CK-1 structure,respectively.The compressive and flexural properties of CK-2 structure were better than those of CK-1 structure.At the same time,the porous layered structure of CK-2 had lighter structural weight than the control group CK-3 structure and the material utilization rate is increased by 72.6%.Therefore,CK-2 structure had better performance advantages as a lightweight porous structural material for furniture.