基于数据挖掘的中药治疗轻度认知障碍用药规律分析

Medication Regularity of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mild Cognitive Impairment:Based on Data Mining

目的:挖掘中医药治疗轻度认知障碍(MCI)的用药规律,以期为临床用药提供理论依据。方法:检索CNKI、万方和VIP数据库,时间为建库至2022年5月16日,收集中医药治疗MCI的临床研究文献,运用数据挖掘软件对其进行用药规律分析。结果:共纳入91首方剂,包含中药134种,提取出证型30种。轻度认知障碍最常见的证型为肾精亏虚兼痰瘀阻络证,单味药以石菖蒲最为常见,临床常用药量以15 g和30 g居多。药物类别主要为补虚药、活血化瘀药、开窍药和利水渗湿药,药性以温、平居多,药味以甘、辛、苦为主,归经集中在肾、肝、心、脾经。关联规则分析发现关联强度较高的组合有8条,因子分析提取公因子13个,系统聚类分析得出5大类,决策树分析筛选出石菖蒲、远志2味主要中药,复杂网络分析提示核心药物为石菖蒲、远志、熟地黄、山茱萸、丹参、益智仁、茯苓、川芎、等,且药物间的配伍关联较强。结论:轻度认知障碍的基本病机为本虚标实,治疗原则以补虚、化痰、活血、开窍为主,该结果对临床具有重要的指导意义。

Objective:To explore the medication regularity of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for mild cognitive impairment(MCI) and thereby to lay a theoretical basis for clinical medication.Methods:Articles on clinical treatment of MCI by TCM were retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang Data,and VIP(from inception to May 16,2022) and the medication rules were analyzed with data mining software.Results:A total of 91 prescriptions were screened out,involving 134 Chinese medicinals and 30 syndromes.The most common syndrome of MCI was Shenjingkuixu(肾精亏虚) and Tanyuzuluo(痰瘀阻络).Among the medicinals,Shichangpu(石菖蒲) was most frequently used with the common doses of 15 g and 30 g.The main categories of the medicinals were Buxu(补虚) medicinals,Huoxuehuayu(活血化瘀) medicinals,Kaiqiao(开窍) medicinals,and Lishuishenshi(利水渗湿) medicinals,which were mainly warm and plain in property and sweet,pungent,and bitter in flavor,with tropism at kidney,liver,heart,and spleen.Association rules analysis yielded 8 combinations of strong association.Thirteen common factors were extracted by factor analysis,and 5 clades were yielded in the systematic cluster analysis.Decision tree analysis screened out two main medicinals:Shichangpu,Yuanzhi(远志).Complex network analysis suggested that the core medicinals were Shichangpu,Yuanzhi,Shudihuang(熟地黄),Shanzhuyu(山茱萸),Danshen(丹参),Yizhiren(益智仁),Fuling(茯苓),and Chuanxiong(川芎) which showed strong association.Conclusion:The basic pathogenesis of MCI is Benxubiaoshi(本虚标实),and the treatment principles should be Buxu,Huayu(化痰),Huoxue(活血),and Kaiqiao.The results can help guide clinical practice.