气压深松参数对耕地渗透性影响规律试验研究

Impact of Air Pressure in Subsoiling on Soil Permeability

【目的】探寻气压深松参数对耕地渗透性及灌溉蓄水能力的影响。【方法】建立了室内模拟耕层结构,通过对气压深松机理的分析,选取喷气压力、犁底密度、深松位置、喷气方向为试验因素(采用四因素三水平两两交互作用正交试验),以深松后犁底孔隙变化度为评价指标,进行了气压深松模拟试验。【结果】深松位置对犁底孔隙变化度即对渗透性的影响最大,犁底密度影响最小;各因素的交互作用对评价指标影响明显,二因素的交互作用下,评价指标最大的因素数值组合为:喷气方向为75°时与喷气压力2.2MPa及其与犁底密度1.8g/cm^(3)、深松位置0.35 m时两两组合;深松位置0.25 m与喷气压力2.2 MPa和犁底密度1.8 g/cm^(3)的两两组合;喷气压力1.4 MPa和犁底密度1.8g/cm^(3)的组合。【结论】气压深松可以增加耕地渗透性,增强灌溉蓄水性;试验条件下75°的喷气方向为较适宜的喷气方向;距土面0.35 m处为较适宜的深松深度;气压深松可提升高密度犁底层渗透性,为解决高密度犁底层不易被打破而导致水土保持效果不好的问题提供了新的思路。

【Objective】The dense plough layer is difficult for airs and water to move into and out the root zone,hindering root penetration as a result.Deep loosening techniques,including the innovative air pressure subsoiling method,offer a solution by effectively breaking up this compacted layer.In contrast to traditional mechanical subsoiling,air-pressure subsoiling involves injecting high-pressure gas into the bottom of the plough layer.This paper studies the influence of air pressure on permeability of the loosen plough layer.【Method】Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of air pressure subsoiling.We analyzed the mechanism underlying this process and assessed the impact of operating factors,including air jet pressure,bulk density of the plough layer,subsoiling position,and air jet direction,on loosening the soil.【Result】Among the factors we studied,subsoiling position had the most pronounced effect on soil permeability,and bulk density of the plough layer had the least impact.These factors collectively influenced the porosity of the loosened plough layer.Under the test conditions,when the bulk soil density was 1.8 g/cm^(3) and the subsoiling depth was 0.35 m,an air jet direction of 75°combined with a jet pressure of 2.2 MPa yielded the most effective results.Similarly,with the bulk density was 1.8 g/cm^(3) and subsoiling depth was 0.25 m,using a jet pressure 2.2 MPa was highly effective.【Conclusion】Deep loosening the plough layer by air injecting can increase the permeability of the plough layer and enhance its water storage capacity.Under the test condition,75°is an appropriate angle to inject the air;injecting the air at the depth of 0.35 m is the most suitable for plough layer loosening.